The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the salivary cytokine levels and clinical parameters of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) with gingivitis. A non-randomized, clinical trial was conducted in individuals diagnosed with spastic CP. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled in the study and were categorized according to gingival index scores between 0-1 or 2-3, assigned to groups G2 or G1, respectively. Periodontal treatment comprised oral hygiene instructions, conventional mechanical treatment and 0.12% chlorhexidine applied as an adjunct. Clinical parameters and saliva samples were collected at baseline and at the 15-day follow-up visit. Bleeding on probing and periodontal screening and recording were determined. Non-stimulated saliva samples were obtained, and the salivary flow rate, the osmolality and the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-12p70 were evaluated by a cytometric bead array. The Wilcoxon test, the Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlation analysis, Poisson regression analysis and an adjusted analysis were performed (α = 0.05). The groups differed significantly in periodontal clinical parameters at baseline and at follow-up. Salivary flow rate and osmolality were similar in both groups at both timepoints. However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels were higher in G1 than in G2 at baseline. Mechanical treatment resulted in improved clinical parameters for both groups. Furthermore, mechanical treatment resulted in a significant reduction in salivary IL-1β and IL-8 levels for both groups after treatment. Periodontal treatment performed in individuals with CP and gingivitis reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8.

As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads around the world, professionals must prepare for an increase in severely ill patients. Considering that professionals who perform oral care, especially the oral health team, is the most exposed to SARS-CoV-2, and that saliva can be the main vector in the transmission from person to person, it is essential that they are supported by the best evidence for their performance with risk reduction. In view of the literature, the clinical studies of COVID-19 do not often describe oral symptoms, and it is still uncertain whether these manifestations may be a typical clinical pattern resulting from direct SARS-CoV-2 infection or a systemic consequence, given the possibility of co-infections, impaired immune system and adverse drug reactions. As the prevalence of clinical manifestations is still unknown, the possible manifestations of COVID-19 in the oral cavity has been considered of wide and current interest. Therefore de aim of this study was to report a case series of oral lesions in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

This study compared the acquisition protocols of the Conical Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) system, to assess the influence on image accuracy by different voxel sizes and the presence of soft tissue. Tomographic acquisition was performed in a fresh (F) and dry (D) pork jaw with voxel sizes of 0.4, 0.3 and 0.25 mm. The gold standard was obtained by scanning dry jaws covered with barium sulfate with a voxel size of 0.25 mm. The images were treated in the MIMICS® program, and noise areas were removed manually, using a fixed threshold for the purpose of generating 3D printing windows. Each window was virtually overlaid with the gold standard using the MeshLab software, obtaining absolute error values ​​between the meshes, generating a map of discrepancies. Significant differences were found between windows D 0.30 vs. F 0.30, D 0.30 vs. F 0.25, D 0.30 vs. D 0.25, D 0.30 vs. F 0.40, F 0.30 vs. D 0.25, F 0.25 vs. D 0.25, F 0.25 vs. D 0.40, D 0.25 vs. F 0.40, D 0.25 vs. D 0.40 and F 0.40 vs. D 0.40, (p <0.05). It was observed that the dry jaw windows showed a lower mean and standard deviation when compared to the fresh jaw windows. The 0.25 mm voxel protocol showed the most accurate result and the presence of soft tissues influenced the accuracy of the image when some protocols were compared statistically.

This study assessed whether the use of digital image filters influences the detection of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bone changes on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Two radiologists evaluated the TMJ images of CBCT scans to verify the presence of osteophytes, erosions, pseudocysts, bone sclerosis and flattening, using the software XoranCAT®; each image of the TMJ was assessed with and without the use of the following filters: Angio Sharpen 3x3 and Angio Sharpen 5x5. Kruskal-Wallis’ test was used to assess whether the application of filters influenced the scores assigned to the degenerative bone changes in the condyle. Flattening was present in 15 cases (51.72%), followed by osteophytes in six cases (20.69%), sclerosis in three cases (10.34%), and erosion in three cases (10.34%), with pseudocyst found in two cases (6.90%). No statistically significant difference was found in the scores (P = 0.786) regarding the original images and those treated with both filters. Digital image filters used in our study did not influence the diagnosis of degenerative bone changes in the TMJ on CBCT images.

Mucocele is a term applied to the clinical manifestation of phenomena that may affect the minor salivary glands. There are different forms of treatment reported in the literature, including total enucleation. The objective of this study is to describe a surgical technique for removal of Mucocele in a teenage patient. A 16-years-old, female, attended the sector of Pediatric Dentistry of Camilo Castelo Branco University -campus São Paulo / SP. The patient's main complaint was "a bubble in the mouth that punchs and fills again, feeling salty taste." At the clinical examination, a circumscribed, mucosa-like, floating-palpation lesion was observed, with a 1.7 cm diameter in the lower lip, with characteristics similar to Mucocele. In the planning of the case, we opted for the surgical removal treatment with anatomopathological analysis. The prognosis for the surgical removal of the lesion was very favorable due to some established criteria: age of the patient, location, depth and size of the lesion. RESUMOMucocele é um termo aplicado à manifestação clínica de fenomênos que podem afetar as glândulas salivares menores. Existem diferentes formas de tratamento relatadas na literatura, entre elas, a enucleação total. O objetivo do trabalho é descrever uma técnica cirúrgica para remoção de Mucocele em uma paciente adolescente. Paciente de 16 anos, gênero feminino, compareceu a clinica de especialização de Odontopediatria da Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco -campus São Paulo / SP. A queixa principal da paciente era "bolha na boca que fura e enche de novo, sentindo gosto salgado". Ao exame clínico, foi constatada uma lesão circunscrita, de

There are countless causes that lead a baby to be born premature: placental changes (placenta previa and premature detachment), excess amniotic fluid, maternal age (mothers under 18 years of age), maternal infections, primacy, use of alcohol and drugs. The premature baby's trajectory begins with hospitalization, usually for long periods in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), due to pulmonary immaturity and the need for prolonged ventilatory support. Gastric probing by oral or nasal route is an essential procedure in assisting nutrition for newborns up to thirty-four weeks of gestational age, as it does not have fully developed sucking and swallowing reflexes. The literature describes several oral changes present in premature and low birth weight children, highlighting an increase in the incidence of enamel defects, such as hypoplasia and hypomineralization, an increase in the incidence of dental caries, developmental and eruption delay of the primary dentition, dental and palate malformation. The aim was to report the clinical case of a premature infant with chronic use of an orogastric tube (OT) with lesion in the middle region of the upper lip and gum pad. After 24 hours of repositioning the OT, can be observed the lesion regression. Thus, the presence of the dentist in the NICUs, assisting with protocol and diagnostic measures, can minimize deleterious effects on the oral cavity. It should be noted that the training and applicability of dental protocols in NICUs improves safety in the care of the newborn.

This study aims to perform age estimation using three different parameters from dental and skeletal development. The sample consisted of 98 dental records of patients aged from 10 to 16 years old, containing the chronological age and a set of radiographs (panoramic, lateral cephalometric and carpal radiographs) taken in the same day. The biological age was assessed through the dental development from panoramic radiographs according to the Nicodemo's method. The stages of dental development were registered and imported in CRONOL software (UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil), which provided the estimated dental age. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed to assess the development of the vertebrae C2, C3 and C4. And carpal radiographs were evaluated according to Fishman's method. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality of the chronological and estimated age. T-test for unpaired samples was used to compare the normal data. Chi-square test was used to analyze the age in function of sex. Moderate and strong correlations were found between the chronological and biological (estimated) ages for all the methods. Statistically significant differences between the development of males and females were not observed (p>0.05). A linear regression formula was designed to allow age estimates statistically more accurate (p<0.0001). The formula reached an accuracy rate of 71.4%. In general, the methods underestimated the age. The combination of methods led to optimal performances for age estimation. The performances were similar between males and females.

There is sufficient evidence to support a relationship between the severity of periodontal disease and COVID-19 infections. This relationship may be caused by an increase in the immune response mediated by Galectin 3 (Gal-3) and an increase in viral adhesion. Thus, unsatisfactory and poor hygiene conditions determine risk factors in the worsening of the disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the oral hygiene index in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the ward of a referral hospital in the metropolitan region of Santa Rita (Paraíba). This study can relate oral inflammatory problems and their outcome in the evolution of patients with COVID-19, contributing to a planning of continuing education actions in oral health care, and to a better evolution of patients with COVID-19. For data collection, a google forms form was used, built by the research team, based on the Oral Hygiene Index in Critical Patients (OHICP), with modifications. In the assessment of the oral hygiene condition of patients with COVID-19, it was observed that 74.1% of the patients presented unsatisfactory and / or precarious oral hygiene. Patients with COVID-19 presented more frequently tongue coating (74.3%), visible biofilm (41.6%) and food remains (35.5%). Poor oral hygiene can aggravate clinical conditions, worsening the outcome regarding the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2.