Aim:To audit the fresh frozen plasma (FFP) usage with an insight into various guidelines.Materials and Methods:The blood bank records pertaining to FFP usage in patients admitted in our medical college hospital were retrospectively reviewed for 2 years for usage of FFP in various departments and evaluated for appropriateness of usage based on various guidelines, which included the 2013 guidelines published by the National Health and Medical Research Council and the Australasian Society for Blood Transfusion.Results:A total of 785 units of FFPs were transfused to 207 patients during the study period. The appropriate usage was found to be 59.3%, and the usage was most appropriate in massive transfusions.Conclusion:This study highlights the nonadherence to guidelines among clinicians which is mainly due to lack of knowledge of appropriate usage.
A 35-year-old female presented with swelling in the soft palate. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) revealed pleomorphic adenoma, and on histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as carcinosarcoma/salivary duct carcinoma in the minor salivary gland, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical stains. We report this case for its rarity.
Background: Today’s pharmaceutical markets are crowded with antibacterial agents, yet their toxicities and resistance are always contentious. Azadirachta indica is used in India as an age-old treatment for diverse medical conditions. This study was put forth to analyze the antibacterial action of A. indica bark extract on different bacterial pathogens. Materials and Methods: A. indica bark extract was prepared using Soxhlet extraction method. The bark extract of A. indica was screened for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion assay technique against Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Proteus mirabilis. Ciprofloxacin (5 µg per disc) was used as positive control. All assays were carried out under strict aseptic precautions. All the concentrations included were duplicated, and the results obtained were the average of two independent experiments. Broth microdilution method was used to study the minimum inhibitory concentration of the bark extract of A. indica . Results: A. indica bark extract has shown antibacterial activity against all concentrations of bark extract, whereas antibacterial activity against S. aureus was observed at higher concentration of >500 µg/mL. The bark extract of A. indica showed zone of clearance against E. faecalis , P. aeruginosa , and P. mirabilis at all concentrations. Zone of inhibition was observed in higher concentrations against S. aureus . Conclusion: This study has shown that A. indica bark extract has a potent antibacterial property against S. aureus , E. faecalis , P. aeruginosa , and P. mirabilis . Further isolation of bioactive compounds may lead to a new scope in the treatment of bacterial infections.
Background: Placental cysts are uncommon and generally small. They rarely compromise blood flow and cause fetal growth retardation. Case Report: We are reporting a case of a primigravida who was found to have a large placental cyst during labor. The patient also exhibited oligohydramnios, with an amniotic fluid index of 4. An ultrasound revealed a sizable cyst measuring 4.7×4.8 cm. A male child with low birth weight was subsequently delivered. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of monitoring fetal development during pregnancy and considering the possibility of placental cysts when abnormal findings are detected.
India is facing an era of faster lifestyle and unhealthy diet. In this current scenario Gastric ulcer stands out as a detrimental problem in the society. Point prevalence of gastric ulcer in India is 4.72% and lifetime prevalence is 11.22%. 1 Western studies reveal that 5-10% of adult populations are more prone for gastric ulcer. The prevalence of gastric ulcer is more discernible in regions where there is increased consumption of sloppy food like cooked rice, Tapioca, sattoo, sambar and buttermilk. 2 These foods can be easily gobbled down without getting chewed, thus mixing of saliva is reduced. The other factors for high gastric ulcer rate in India are chewing betal nut, tobacco, smoking and faster competing lifestyle. Gastric ulcer generally presents with abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, hematemesis, nausea, vomiting and dark colored stool. Peptic ulcer is more common among middle age and older adults. Trigonella foenum graceum is called as fenugreek; its seeds are used commonly in Indian medicine system to treat many gastrointestinal disorders. 3 Lysine and L-tryptophan are the active alkaloids found in fenugreek. It contains mucilage and galactomannans used in protection of gastric mucosa. Fenugreek seeds have inhibitory action on the secretion of hydrochloric acid
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