This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of the rice farming system in Serdang Bedagai Regency and to recommend policies to increase the contribution of rice agribusiness to rural development. The studies carried out included the existing technology used by farmers, production, productivity, cropping index, analysis of farming system and distribution, and marketing of products. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a purposive sampling technique to 40 farmer respondents. Structured interviews were also conducted with traders, rice mill entrepreneurs, and policymakers. The data analysis used in this research is qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used to find an overview of the technology, production, productivity, cropping index, and marketing and to explain the costs and income of rice farmers which are described descriptively. The quantitative analysis used is the analysis of farm costs and income, which are the ratio of revenue and costs (R/C ratio) analysis and the cost per kg milled dry grain. The results showed that the cultivation technology used by farmers was varied, there were 23 villages whose rice productivity was still below 5 tons/h, 10 villages in 3 sub-districts had the cropping index still below 2, the R/C ratio of rice farming was 1.45, where the cost to produce 1 kg of milled dry grain in Serdang Bedagai Regency, on average are IDR 3,099. Meanwhile, the distribution and marketing of the harvest were controlled by big rice mill entrepreneurs.
The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of shallot cultivation and to understand the financial feasibility analysis in Dolok Silau Simalungun to enhance the improvement of the technology needed. Methods used in this research are survey and observation methods. Based on the assessment results, it was found that shallot farming which is planted on dry land and small scale in Sarang Padang, Dolok Silau, Simalungun has a 0,05 – 0,1 ha area. The productivity of that farming is low which averaging 5,25 tonnes/ha. The total production cost is Rp 59.598.000 with a B/C ratio of 0,59. The capital of shallot production is Rp 10.743,00 per kg. Most of the shallot production cost is absorbed by labor cost (36 %), followed by seed cost (35%). The increment of revenue can be achieved by improving productivity through the improvement of farming technologies. Technology improvements in shallot cultivation that are needed are increasing plant density, seed quality improvement, replacement of labor weeding, and the use of integrated pest and disease control. To anticipate price fluctuations, farmers need a storage technology that is a group warehouse to keep the shallot when the market price is very cheap. Institutional education needs to be strengthened for the socialization of shallot cultivation technology and innovation for the farmers.
There are still many problems faced by shallot farmers in North Padang Lawas district, as horticultural farmers in other areas in Indonesia, become an obstacle in efforts to develop shallot commodities in North Padang Lawas Regency, so that it has not been able to provide optimal welfare to farmers. Although this commodity has traditionally been cultivated by farmers in several sub-districts within this district and The Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia has also designated North Padang Lawas Regency as one of the Development of National Shallot Commodity Agricultural Areas through Keputusan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 472 Tahun 2018 Regarding the National Agricultural Area, but it needs to be studied further to analyze the potential and economic development strategy of shallots as the aim of this study. This study was conducted from June to November 2019. The method used was a survey, followed by direct observation about the development of shallots in 6 (six) districts, interview with field extension officers, retailers and wholesalers in North Padang Lawas Regency. Data and information were analyzed descriptively and analyzed by R / C ratio. The results of the study show that shallot farming activities in North Padang Lawas Regency are very economically and financially feasible, with an ideal R / C ratio of 2.04 with a profit of Rp.76.108.500,- for each hectare of land cultivated for shallot cultivation.
The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the existing shallot farming in North Padang Lawas Regency which includes the conditions of agricultural land for shallot, existing technology, and the income of farmers, then provides recommendations for shallot’s farming technology to increase shallot’ production, and to increase farmers’ income. The method used in this research were survey, field observation, and soil sampling. To determine the suitability of land for shallots, the evaluation of land suitability was carried out by comparing the quality/characteristics of the land with the requirements for shallot growth. Analysis of Land evaluation was carried out computerized using the SPKL version 2.01 software. Analysis of shallot farm income was carried out by analyzing the balance between revenue and cost. The results obtained from this study were the technology used by farmers was still simple, land suitability for shallots is dominated by marginal land suitability (S3) so that additional input is needed to increase production, while shallot farming was feasible with an R/C ratio level of 2,19.
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