Problem Preeclampsia (PE), a multifactorial disorder characterized by impaired placental development, elevated inflammatory response and dysregulated placental steroidogenesis. PE may be preventable if predicted early on. Method of study The study evaluated the potential of immunomodulatory collectins, surfactant protein A (SP‐A), surfactant protein D (SP‐D), and mannose binding lectin (MBL), to predict PE before the disease onset, in a prospective study cohort of healthy pregnant women (n = 922). In addition, a cross‐sectional study was conducted to determine the serum and placental profile of collectins in PE women after the disease onset (early‐onset PE [EOPE], n = 33; late‐onset PE [LOPE], n = 24); and controls [n = 75]. The serum profiles of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) were evaluated to determine their correlation with collectins. Results In the prospective cohort, significantly decreased serum levels of SP‐A, SP‐D, P4/E2 ratio were observed in women who subsequently developed severe EOPE. Interestingly, after the disease onset, there was a significant increase in serum and placental levels of collectins in women with severe EOPE, whereas women with LOPE had significantly decreased levels of collectins. Serum P4/E2 ratio was significantly altered in severe EOPE and positively correlated with serum levels of SP‐A and SP‐D. Conclusion Collectins are differentially expressed in the serum during progression of PE. Decreased serum levels of SP‐A, SP‐D, P4/E2 ratio and increased E2 during 10‐20 weeks of gestation are novel plausible risk factors for early prediction of EOPE in Indian women.

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Background: Infertility is defined as failure to conceive a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected intercourse. The birth of Louis Brown opened door to whole new world. Science of reproduction unfolded with better understanding of physiology and pharmacology of gonadotropins. Improved stimulation protocol, and lab facilities are available for IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The objective of this study was to study relation between uterine scoring system for reproduction (USSR) scoring and pregnancy rate in patients undergoing ICSI and embryo transferred.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted. Study comprised 48 women visiting with infertility for ICSI and embryo transfer. Baseline scan done on day2 of menses. Patients started on estradiol valerate for endometrial preparation. Transvaginal sonography done on 10th day of menstrual cycle for USSR scoring. USSR scoring includes parameters such as endometrial thickness, endometrial layering, myometrial contractions, myometrialechogenecity, uterine artery Doppler flow, endometrial blood flow, myometrial blood flow.Results: Out of total 48 infertility patients for embryo transfer 22 conceived, which gives 45.83% pregnancy rate. No patients had a perfect score of 20. Patients with score of 17-19 had pregnancy rate of 66%. Endometrial thickness of 10-14mm gave optimum result of 52%. Pulsatality index <2.19 was associated with pregnancy rate of 66%.Conclusions: USSR scoring is highly indicative of good pregnancy outcome in patients undergoing ICSI and embryo transfer. Endometrial morphology and thickness was strongly correlated with successful pregnancy outcome.

BACKGROUNDCervical cancer develops from the premalignant lesions (CIN) over a period of time which can be diagnosed by screening tests. The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was the initial screening test for CIN and invasive cervical cancer. However, the simultaneous use of Pap smear and colposcopy has been shown to increase the rate of the cervical cancer detection. So this study was done to assess the reliability of colposcopy by correlating the findings of colposcopy with cytology and colposcopic directed biopsy in women with unhealthy cervix and also to analyse various risk factors involved in CIN lesions of the cervix.