Study of thyroid dysfunction in women with menstrual disorders - A prospective study

Gandi, Sudha Rani; Vishwekar, Pallavi Satish; Yadav, Raj Shekhar; Chauhan, Nusrat

doi:10.26611/1012938

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…These results were consistent with the study of Ajmani (45.45% subclinical hypothyroid and 31.82% overt hypothyroid) and Gandi (45.45% subclinical hypothyroid and 25% overt hypothyroid) but different from George (55.90% subclinical hypothyroid and 10.1% overt hypothyroid) and Maria (66.40% subclinical hypothyroid) study. 1,2,16,17 Commonest menstrual abnormality in hypothyroid (including both subclinical and overt) patients in our study was menorrhagia (52.94%) followed by polymenorrhea (17.65%), hypo/oligomenorrhea and metrorrhagia (11.76% each). In a study, Kaur found that among 14 hypothyroid patients, 64.3% patients had menorrhagia, 21.4% had oligomenorrhea and 14.28% had metrorrhagia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Similar findings were seen in Gandi study. 2 In Byna study, 18 % patients were primiparas, 54 % were para 2 and 27 % were para 3 and above. 13 Women sterilization after two children may be the cause of higher number of para 2 women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Gandi in their study also found maximum number patients in the age group of 31 to 40 years (49 %) followed by 21 to 30 years (37 %). 2 Bhavani in their study reported that majority of patients were in the age group of 31 to 40 years (37 %). 12 In the present study, most of the menstrual disorders are seen in multiparous women (66.07 %), followed by primipara (14.29 %) and nullipara (8.93 %).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in patients with menstrual disorders of reproductive age group: a prospective cross-sectional study

Kumari

Rohatgi

Singh

2021

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Thyroid disorders specifically the hypothyroidism has been associated with menstrual disturbances in women of reproductive age group. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its correlation with menstrual disorders in women of reproductive age group.Methods: A hospital based prospective analytical study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna from March 2017 to March 2018. 56 women of reproductive age group between 18 to 45 years presenting with menstrual disorders (like menorrhagia, oligo/hypomenorrhea, polymenorrhea, metrorrhagia, and amenorrhea) were recruited in this study. Thyroid function test was done in all patients. Statistical analysis done.Results: Maximum number of patients were seen in the age group of 31-40 years. Most common menstrual complain was menorrhagia (46.42%) followed by hypo/oligomenorrhoea (17.86%). In patients with menstrual disorders, 41.07 % had thyroid disorders in which subclinical hypothyroidism was prevalent in 17.86%, overt hypothyroidism in 12.5%, and overt hyperthyroidism in 5.35% of the women. Menorrhagia was the commonest menstrual disorder (52.94%) seen in hypothyroid patients followed by polymenorrhoea. A high degree positive correlation was observed between thyroid dysfunction and menstrual disorder (Pearson correlation coefficient, r=0.93).Conclusions: Our study concluded that thyroid dysfunction should be considered as an important etiological factor for menstrual irregularity. Thus, thyroid function tests should be performed in all patients with menstrual irregularities to avoid unnecessary interventions like curettage and hysterectomy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in patients with menstrual disorders of reproductive age group: a prospective cross-sectional study

Kumari

Rohatgi

Singh

2021

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…These lead to significant social embarrassment, reduced productivity and quality of life, financial burden, and surgical procedures like hysterectomy. 1 Both directly affecting the ovaries and indirectly interacting with sex hormone-binding globulin, thyroid hormones play a significant role in normal reproductive physiology. 2 Thyroid conditions are more prevalent in women than in men and are associated with abnormal sexual maturation, menstrual irregularities, infertility, and early menopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thyroid dysfunction in women with menstrual disorders in reproductive age group

Arya

Mishra

Natu

et al. 2023

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Thyroid disorders are among the most common endocrine disorders in the world. Thyroid dysfunction can disrupt a variety of metabolic and physiological processes, including the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to discover a pattern of thyroid dysfunction in women with menstrual disorders. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study that includes 116 women. With reproductive age menstrual disorder. Thyroid dysfunction was tested in women who had menstrual problems. Serum free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were used to assess thyroid function. Results: The mean age of study patients was 25.7±6.8 years. The most common menstrual disorder was irregular cycle 72.5%, amenorrhea 21.9%, and menorrhagia 5.6%. The majority of the patients were between the ages of 15 and 24 (51.1%), followed by 25-34 (36.1%) and 35-45 (12.9%). The mean free T3 and T4 levels were 2.911.05 pg/ml and 1.420.57 ng/dl, respectively. TSH was 2.0 mIU/L on average (IQR, 1.0-4.0). Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 25.8% of the women (n=60). Subclinical hypothyroidism (14.2%, n=33) was the most common thyroid dysfunction, followed by subclinical hyperthyroidism (6.9%, n=16), overt hyperthyroidism (3%, n=7), and overt hypothyroidism (1.7%, n=4). Conclusions: The study reveals that women with menstrual disorders frequently have thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism. In order to rule out thyroid disorders as potential etiological agents for menstrual disturbances, it may therefore be advantageous to screen patients with menstrual disorders for thyroid function.

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“…However, there are situations where a female's menstrual cycle experience becomes traumatic, ranging from anovulation to other forms of menstrual disorders [18,40,71]. There are instances where these disorders go unnoticed but then, in most cases, they impair a woman's productivity and cause social embarrassment [13]. As these women seek medical attention, their financial burden heightens, however, it is important to note that many of the women are unaware and lack information about these disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Thyroid Gland Functions with Menstrual Patterns amongst Infertile and Fertile Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

InyaAliu-Ayo,

Adesina,

Jimoh

et al. 2023

WJCMR

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A regular menstrual cycle is important to maintain a woman's fertility. This cycle has been linked to optimal function of the thyroid gland in the production of its hormones. Disturbance of thyroid gland functions could result to female infertility due to changes in menstrual patterns. Aim of this research was to determine the correlation between thyroid gland functions and menstrual patterns amongst infertile and fertile women attending a tertiary care hospital in North-Central Nigeria. This comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 106 women who visited the hospital's Gynecology Clinic and Family Planning Clinic. 53 of the 106 patients were women with a history suggestive of either primary or secondary infertility and the remaining 53 women with no history of infertility served as the control. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the patients' menstrual patterns. Anthropometric data were measured and obtained. Collected blood samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique to determine the serum levels of thyroid hormones. All obtained data was analyzed, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05, at a 95% confidence interval. 33 patients had menstrual anomalies (78.8% infertile women; 21.2% fertile women who served as control, p=0.012). The incidence of menstrual anomalies in the infertile women group and control group was 7.5% versus 0.0% for amenorrhea; 20.8% versus 5.7% for menorrhagia; 9.4% versus 7.5% for oligomenorrhea; 7.5% versus 0.0% for hypomenorrhea; nil polymenorrhea for both groups; and 50.9% versus 86.8% for normal menstrual patterns. Ten (9.43%) patients were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunctions (80% in infertile group; 20% in control group, p=0.046). Six (18.2%) out of 33 women with menstrual anomalies were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction. Five (83.3%) out of these 6 women with both menstrual anomalies and diagnosed thyroid dysfunction were infertile while only one (16.7%) was fertile. Thyroid gland dysfunction correlates strongly with abnormal menstrual patterns, which implies that it is vital to evaluate thyroid hormone levels in blood serum in the course of treating menstrual irregularities and female infertility. Early detection of thyroid dysfunction is important in achieving a positive treatment outcome for female infertility.

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Study of thyroid dysfunction in women with menstrual disorders - A prospective study

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in patients with menstrual disorders of reproductive age group: a prospective cross-sectional study

Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in patients with menstrual disorders of reproductive age group: a prospective cross-sectional study

Assessment of thyroid dysfunction in women with menstrual disorders in reproductive age group

Correlation of Thyroid Gland Functions with Menstrual Patterns amongst Infertile and Fertile Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

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