The Cameriere method of dental-age estimation is highly valid and reliable for Malaysian population, followed by the Willems and Nolla methods.

This study aimed to examine the role of stress in the occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and oral lichen planus (OLP), as well as to analyze the efficacy of saliva, urine, and serum cortisol levels as markers of stress. This study included 30 subjects with RAS (Group A), 30 with OLP (Group B), and 30 controls (Group C). The serum, salivary, and urinary cortisol levels were measured using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. The results were analyzed using the independent t-test, and a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000) was observed between the study and control groups. Further analysis was done using ANOVA and post-hoc tests. The results of this study suggest that RAS and OLP patients had higher cortisol levels than controls, indicating that stress acts as a co-factor in the pathogenesis of RAS and OLP. Although urinary cortisol level was found to be the best indicator of stress, saliva can also be used as a reliable marker. (J Oral Sci 58, 237-240, 2016) Keywords: cortisol; RAU; OLP. IntroductionCortisol (21 carbon glucocorticoid), also known as the stress hormone (1), is secreted by the adrenal cortex and is used to assess stress and anxiety in human beings. It also influences metabolism, immunoregulation, vascular responsiveness, cognition, behavior, and pathological conditions, such as inflammatory autoimmune disorders (2). Persistent anxiety problems causes changes in the Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis thereby increasing cortisol levels (1). Cortisol production exhibits an ACTHdependent circadian rhythm, achieving peak levels early in the morning and the lowest levels at night (1).The cortisol hormone levels are used as an indicator for stress evaluation. It is primarily excreted in free form in urine. Salivary cortisol levels are also a reliable indicator of free cortisol or biologically active cortisol, while serum cortisol measurement assesses total cortisol levels (1,3,4). Stress modifies the immune response in autoimmune conditions (5,6), that can be assessed using serum, saliva, and urine cortisol levels (7). Previous studies have suggested that psychological disturbances, such as stress and anxiety, may play a role in the onset and recurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) (7,8). Moreover, oral lichen planus (OLP) may also be observed 1-2 weeks after severe emotional stress (9-14). Currently, there are no studies that compare the efficacy of the three markers, namely, salivary, serum, and urinary cortisol levels. The aim of this study was to assess the association between stress RAS and OLP by measuring cortisol levels in urine, saliva, and serum. Materials and MethodsThis study included 30 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of RAS (Group A), 30 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of OLP (Group B), and 30 controls (Group C). Patients with chronic RAS and OLP and a history of repeated episodes associated with emotional stress were selected. Pregnant or lactating women, hypertensives, diabetic patients, individuals suffering from renal or endocrinal ...

No abstract

Significant number of patients diagnosed with chronic rhino sinusitis often tend to have a final diagnosis of fungal sinusitis. We wanted to find out (a) The incidence of patients with fungal sinusitis in those patients who were initially diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis. (b) The presentation of fungal sinusitis patients who were initially diagnosed as CRS. Retrospective chart review of 242 patients diagnosed as CRS from May 2006 to April 2009. The various symptoms and signs of those diagnosed initially as CRS, who were then diagnosed as fungal sinusitis were tabulated. Radiological and serological investigations were then analyzed. The microbiology of various species that were cultured in those identified as fungal sinusitis were also presented. Out of 242 patients diagnosed with CRS, 67 patients had clinical and radiological evidence of fungal sinusitis but only 24 of these patients had fungal organisms identified. Majority of them were Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinical suspicion of fungal sinusitis should be made in those patients presenting with CRS with the following signs and symptoms of nasal obstruction, discharge and polyps. Most of those fungus were Aspergillus fumigatus and responded well to treatment.

Mucocele, a common benign cystic lesion of minor salivary gland and associated ducts develops following extravasation or retention of mucous material in the subepithelial tissue. Occurrence of mucocele of tongue is considered less frequent when compared to a higher incidence of mucocele in the lower lip of young patients. Different modalities of treatment, such as conventional surgical excision followed by newer techniques like cryosurgery, electrocautery have been proposed to completely remove the lesion and reduce the chances of recurrence. Herewith, we report a novel treatment technique using alginate impression material to aid in complete excision of mucocele of glands of Blandin-Nuhn.How to cite this article: Kumaresan R, Karthikeyan P, Mohammed F, Fairozekhan TA. A Novel Technique for the Management of Blandin-Nuhn Mucocele: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(3):201-204.

in perforated tympanic membrane and William's test is an essential tool to assess the ETF in intact tympanic membrane. Our present study is undertaken to assess the ETF in patient with CSOM with reference to its treatment outcome. Based on impedance audiometry fi ndings, patients of tubotympanic disease are categorized as totally impaired, partially impaired, and normal ETF. Patients with normal ETF were taken up for myringoplasty. Patients with totally impaired ETF irrespective of middle ear mucosal status (dry or wet) were taken up for cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. Patients with partially impaired ETF, with dry middle ear mucosa were taken up for myringoplasty and those with wet middle ear were taken up for cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. ABSTRACT Aims and Objectives:To assess the eustachian tube function (ETF) and to evaluate the treatment outcome of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOMtubotympanic type) in relation to eustachian tube dysfunction. Materials and Methods: Prospective study for a period of 2 years; the study comprises of 100 patients diagnosed to have CSOM (tubotympanic type). ETF was assessed by Toynbee's test. Patients with normal ETF were taken up for myringoplasty. Patients with totally impaired ETF irrespective of middle ear mucosal status (dry or wet) were taken up for cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. Patients with partially impaired ETF, with dry middle ear mucosa were taken up for myringoplasty and those with wet middle ear were taken up for cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. Results and Analysis: The ETF in these patients was analyzed and graft uptake was assessed clinically in reference to ETF status. The results are tabulated and analyzed using Chi-square test using number cruncher statistical system (NCSS) software. In our study, preoperative ETF had a highly signifi cant P value0.0005. Conclusion: Methodology of treatment adapted for CSOM patients based on ETF proves that the eustachian tube plays a major role in the uptake of graft.

Introduction Demonstrations and training on live-subjects are not always the optimal means of introducing the students to minor oral surgery. Hence, the use of teaching models permit the students to handle the surgical instruments in a limited field under a semi-realistic circumstance and also helps in developing psychomotor skills in an non stressed situation. One among the competent exercise in oral surgery is suturing. Though there exist a variety of commercially available suturing training models, cost factor restrain their acquirement in few units. Methods & Materials This paper describes the construction of a simple and cost-effective suturing model for preclinical training. The construction of this model requires an orange peel, putty impression material and plaster of paris. This suturing model can be created in ten minutes. Conclusion This model can be constructed by the students with minimal effort and low cost in order to practice suturing.

Objective Tonsillectomy is a painful surgery performed in cases of recurrent tonsillitis. Application of platelet-rich plasma to diminish the pain and morbidity post-tonsillectomy is gaining importance. This study evaluated post-operative pain and morbidity after autologous platelet-rich plasma application on the tonsil beds during tonsillectomy. Method Participants were randomised into group 1 (n = 28, peri-operative platelet-rich plasma intervention) and group 2 (n = 28, control). Post-tonsillectomy, patients were assessed (day 0, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14) for pain, healing and time taken to return to normal activity. Data were analysed by independent t-test and chi-square test with p ≤ 0.05 as the significance level. Results A significant decrease in the mean pain score up to day 7 (p < 0.05) and tonsillar fossae healing on days 2 and 3 (p < 0.05) post-tonsillectomy was noted. The majority of the patients returned to their routine activities after a week post-tonsillectomy. Conclusion Platelet-rich plasma application was effective in accentuating healing and reducing post-tonsillectomy pain and morbidity.