<p>The present study reveals the protective effect of<em> Garcinia pedunculata</em> aqueous fruit extract in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. Isoprenaline (200 mg/kg) administration subcutaneous once daily for two consecutive days significantly (p<0.01) increased the CK-MB, AST, ALT, ALP activity and CRP (p<0.05) levels. Pretreatment with extract (400 mg/kg) orally for 14 consecutive days significantly ameliorated the effect of isoprenaline by reducing the activity of CK-MB and the levels of ALP, SGPT respectively. No significant changes were seen in the case of SGOT activity and CRP levels. Severe necrotic lesions in the myocardial tissue were observed in isoprenaline-treated group. In extract-treated group, mild degenerative changes of myo-cardial tissues to nearly normal cytoarchitecture were seen. The results indicate the cardioprotective effect of <em>G. pedunculata</em> against isoprenaline- induced myocardial infarction rat model.</p><p> </p>
Introduction:The rhizomes of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd (Zingiberaceae) commonly known as greater galangal, a ginger substitute for food and was traditionally used as nervine tonic and stimulant. The present study was designed to screen the neuroprotective role of hydroalcoholic extract of rhizome of Alpinia galanga (HAAG) in transient forebrain ischemia induced neuronal damage and oxidative injury in the rat brain. Materials and Method: The transient forebrain ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in anesthetized rats for 60 min, followed by reperfusion injury. The transient forebrain ischemia induced neuronal damage and oxidative stress was assessed by estimating the percentage survival neurons in the Cornu ammonis CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampus, MDA levels and antioxidant enzymes activities in the brain homogenate. Open field, actophotometer and grip strength tests were used for behavioral assessment. Recovery in spontaneous motor activity in actophotometer test and number of squares crossed and rearing behavior in the open field test are indicators of cognitive enhancement after treatment with Alpinia galanga. Results and Discussion: Treatment with Alpinia galanga attenuated the delayed neuronal death in the CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampus. Reduced post-ischemic brain tissue MDA levels at both the drug doses and increased antioxidant enzyme such as glutathione peroxidase at a higher dose was also noted, which indicates Alpinia galanga is neuroprotective against ischemic hippocampal injury. The present study demonstrated that treatment with HAAG attenuated forebrain ischemic reperfusion induced neuronal injury and oxidative stress in hippocampus. Conclusion: Treatment with Alpinia galanga may have the potential to be used as a protective agent in forebrain ischemic injury.
Antioxidants are involved in the process of cellular damage prevention, which is considered as an avenue for cancer development. Free radicals are produced in the body upon exposure to stress, cigarette smoke, alcohol, toxins found in personal care products, pesticides in foods, radiation from the sun, viruses, germs or fungi etc. CCND1/CyclinD1 protein was found to be overexpressed in Oral squamous cell carcinoma. One hundred patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were recruited along with hundred controls for this study from MNJ institute of Oncology with the approval of Ethics Committee, 5 ml blood samples were collected from each patient and centrifuged to collect serum for various assays. The antioxidant enzymes like catalase, SOD, GPX and GST were estimated using enzymatic assays. Results were expressed as unit of activity for mg of protein. Insilco analysis is performed using STRING v 11 Protein interaction tool. The patients with oral cancer had significantly reduced activities of SOD, GST and GPX (1.49 ± 0.49, 3.97 ± 0.86 and 10.7 ± 0.73 respectively) compared to healthy controls (4.37 ± 1.43, 6.10 ± 1.12 and 13.8 ± 1.25 respectively) (p < 0.005). However no significant difference was observed with regard to catalase activity (2.71 ± 6.51 and 4.03 ± 1.48) (p = 0.28). The proteins interaction PPI enrichment p-value was found to be 3.22e-10 predicted significantly more interactions. Our research findings shown that there was a decline in activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione s transferase in addition, personal habits like smoking play a major role in the development and progression of oral carcinogenesis and based on Insilco analysis results CCND1/Cyclin D1 could be the potential therapeutic target in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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