Industrial communication systems provide deterministic and reliable communication between various industrial components. In the past several decades, different communication technologies (Fieldbus, Real-Time Ethernet (RTE)) were used to achieve such determinism. Recently, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is being utilized in industrial environments to support end-to-end low latency deterministic communication by providing mechanisms for accurate time synchronization, traffic scheduling/shaping, and reliability. With many use cases requiring portability and seamless mobility, such features are being developed for wireless networks as well, expanding the time-sensitive communication to the wireless domain. Wireless TSN's aim is to provide wired TSN-like features, achieving wiredwireless interoperability and flattening the automation system pyramid. In this paper, we present an integration between the wireless TSN and PROFINET. We show that the safety-related applications can be supported seamlessly, providing deterministic communication and reliability under best-effort traffic load in the wireless network. The solution is evaluated in terms of the achieved end-to-end latency and the probability of failure per hour of the fail-safe communication. It is shown that by using wireless time-sensitive networking with dedicated time slots per traffic flow a safety integrity level up to grade 4 can be achieved.
End-to-end low-latency deterministic communication, next to high-reliability communication, is one of the key features that communication systems are expected to provide for industrial systems. To achieve time-sensitive networking (TSN), a set of standards have already been designed and deployed for wired industrial communication systems, coexisting or replacing other long-living technologies such as Fieldbus, Profibus, or Modbus. Wireless time-sensitive networking (W-TSN) is getting traction with the development of the newest WiFi generation (IEEE 802.11be) as well as advances in cellular networking. One of the challenges in W-TSN is scheduling and isolation of time-critical traffic in the shared wireless medium. In this paper we present a solution, called dynamic traffic classification, to give faster dedicated access to the wireless medium for packets of highly-time-sensitive flows, that can be generated randomly. Dynamic traffic classification utilizes so-called shadow queues implemented in FPGA-based WiFi baseband SDR platform, openwifi, to prioritize channel access of certain packets over others. We show that the channel access latency in the case of dynamic traffic classification does not depend on the scheduling cycle, but on the distribution of dedicated time slots inside the schedule cycle. As such we achieve to decrease the end-to-end latency by 75% in case of longer communication cycles with wider space between communication time slots.
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