Complex low-temperature-ordered states in chiral magnets are typically governed by a competition between multiple magnetic interactions. The chiral-lattice multiferroic Cu2OSeO3 became the first insulating helimagnetic material in which a long-range order of topologically stable spin vortices known as skyrmions was established. Here we employ state-of-the-art inelastic neutron scattering to comprehend the full three-dimensional spin-excitation spectrum of Cu2OSeO3 over a broad range of energies. Distinct types of high- and low-energy dispersive magnon modes separated by an extensive energy gap are observed in excellent agreement with the previously suggested microscopic theory based on a model of entangled Cu4 tetrahedra. The comparison of our neutron spectroscopy data with model spin-dynamical calculations based on these theoretical proposals enables an accurate quantitative verification of the fundamental magnetic interactions in Cu2OSeO3 that are essential for understanding its abundant low-temperature magnetically ordered phases.

Some heavy fermion materials show so-called hidden-order phases which are invisible to many characterization techniques and whose microscopic origin remained controversial for decades. Among such hidden-order compounds, CeB6 is of model character due to its simple electronic configuration and crystal structure. Apart from more conventional antiferromagnetism, it shows an elusive phase at low temperatures, which is commonly associated with multipolar order. Here we show that this phase roots in a Fermi surface instability. This conclusion is based on a full 3D tomographic sampling of the electronic structure by angle-resolved photoemission and comparison with inelastic neutron scattering data. The hidden order is mediated by itinerant electrons. Our measurements will serve as a paradigm for the investigation of hidden-order phases in f-electron systems, but also generally for situations where the itinerant electrons drive orbital or spin order.

Low-energy spin excitations in any long-range ordered magnetic system in the absence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy are gapless Goldstone modes emanating from the ordering wave vectors. In helimagnets, these modes hybridize into the so-called helimagnon excitations. Here we employ neutron spectroscopy supported by theoretical calculations to investigate the magnetic excitation spectrum of the isotropic Heisenberg helimagnet ZnCr 2 Se 4 with a cubic spinel structure, in which spin-3/2 magnetic Cr 3+ ions are arranged in a geometrically frustrated pyrochlore sublattice. Apart from the conventional Goldstone mode emanating from the (0 0 q h ) ordering vector, low-energy magnetic excitations in the single-domain proper-screw spiral phase show soft helimagnon modes with a small energy gap of ∼ 0.17 meV, emerging from two orthogonal wave vectors (q h 0 0) and (0 q h 0) where no magnetic Bragg peaks are present. We term them pseudo-Goldstone magnons, as they appear gapless within linear spin-wave theory and only acquire a finite gap due to higher-order quantum-fluctuation corrections. Our results are likely universal for a broad class of symmetric helimagnets, opening up a new way of studying weak magnon-magnon interactions with accessible spectroscopic methods.is justified by the negligibly small magneto-crystalline anisotropy [8-10]. Thus we consider throughout the paper J i j ≡ J n if sites i and j are n th neighbors [see Fig. 1 (a)]. Depending on the chemical composition, chromium spinels exhibit different mechanisms of frustration, such as geometric frustration that occurs if dominant NN interactions are antiferromagnetic, or bond frustration which originates from competition between ferromagnetic NN and antiferromagnetic further-neighbor exchange.To estimate the range and relative strengths of coupling constants J n in chromium spinels, Yaresko [7] performed ab initio calculations to extract exchange parameters up to the fourth nearest neighbor for various compounds of this family. Calculations showed that the NN interaction J 1 changes gradually from antiferromagnetic in some oxides to ferromagnetic in sulfides and selenides, while the next-nearestneighbor (NNN) interaction J 2 is noticeably weaker than the antiferromagnetic J 3 exchange parameter (see Table I). For the HgCr 2 O 4 system, J 1 can be even weaker than J 2 (or comparable, depending on the effective Coulomb repulsion U), so that the third-nearest-neighbor interaction J 3 may become dominant. Therefore, the existing theoretical phase diagram restricted to only NN and NNN interactions [3] appears insufficient for a realistic description of these materials. The importance of the two 3 rd -nearest-neighbor exchange paths on the pyrochlore lattice has been also emphasized for the spin-1 2 molybdate Heisenberg antiferromagnet Lu 2 Mo 2 O 5 N 2 [11], where J 3 and J 3 have opposite signs and dominate over J 2 . It was recently conjectured that this may lead to an unusual "gearwheel" type of a quantum spin liquid [12]. arXiv:1705.04642v3 [cond-mat.str-el]

In zero magnetic field, the famous neutron spin resonance in the f-electron superconductor CeCoIn 5 is similar to the recently discovered exciton peak in the nonsuperconducting CeB 6 . A magnetic field splits the resonance in CeCoIn 5 into two components, indicating that it is a doublet. Here we employ inelastic neutron scattering (INS) to scrutinize the field dependence of spin fluctuations in CeB 6 . The exciton shows a markedly different behavior without any field splitting. Instead, we observe a second field-induced magnon whose energy increases with field. At the ferromagnetic zone center, however, we find only a single mode with a nonmonotonic field dependence. At low fields, it is initially suppressed to zero together with the antiferromagnetic order parameter, but then reappears at higher fields inside the hidden-order phase, following the energy of an electron spin resonance (ESR). This is a unique example of a ferromagnetic resonance in a heavy-fermion metal seen by both ESR and INS consistently over a broad range of magnetic fields. PACS numbers: 71.27.+a, 76.50.+g, 78.70.Nx, 76.30.Kg INTRODUCTIONThe observation of neutron spin resonance within a broad range of materials, in particular high-T c cuprates [1], iron pnictides [2,3], and heavy-fermion superconductors [4][5][6], is recognized as an indicator of unconventional superconductivity. It was shown that sign-changing gap symmetry can lead to the existence of resonance behavior [7][8][9][10]. Of particular interest are inelastic neutron scattering (INS) results obtained on CeCoIn 5 , where a sharp resonance peak was observed within the superconducting phase [5,[11][12][13]. At first glance similar peaks were found in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) superconductor UPd 2 Al 3 [14,15], as well as in the normal state of the heavy-fermion metal YbRh 2 Si 2 [16], where superconductivity was recently discovered below ∼ 2 mK [17]. Another striking example of a resonant mode is given by the well known nonsuperconducting heavyfermion antiferromagnet CeB 6 [18,19]. The microscopic origins of such resonant magnetic excitations persisting in f-electron systems either with or without superconductivity may well differ among materials and are still hotly debated.The application of an external magnetic field may help to unmask the differences between these various excitations. For instance, among f-electron compounds, a weak quasielastic signal gives rise to a field-induced ferromagnetic (FM) excitation in CeRu 2 Si 2 [20]. In YbRh 2 Si 2 , two incommensurate excitation branches merge into a commensurate FM resonance whose energy scales linearly with magnetic field [16], whereas in UPd 2 Al 3 the energy gap initially remains almost constant inside the superconducting phase, but starts following a monotonic linear dependence at higher magnetic fields [14]. The sharp resonance in CeCoIn 5 splits into a Zeeman doublet [11] rather than a theoretically predicted triplet [21], whereas in Ce 1−x La x B 6 the magnetic field reportedly leads to a crossover from an itinerant to ...

The clathrate compound Ce 3 Pd 20 Si 6 is a heavy-fermion metal that exhibits magnetically hidden order at low temperatures. Reputedly, this exotic type of magnetic ground state, known as "phase II", could be associated with the ordering of Ce 4 f quadrupolar moments. In contrast to conventional (dipolar) order, it has vanishing Bragg intensity in zero magnetic field and, as a result, has escaped direct observation by neutron scattering until now. Here we report the observation of diffuse magnetic neutron scattering induced by an application of magnetic field along either the [110] or the [001] direction within phase II. The broad elastic magnetic signal that surrounds the (111) structural Bragg peak can be attributed to a short-range G-type antiferromagnetic arrangement of field-induced dipoles modulated by the underlying multipolar order on the simple-cubic sublattice of Ce ions occupying the 8c Wyckoff site. In addition, for magnetic fields applied along the [001] direction, the diffuse magnetic peaks in Ce 3 Pd 20 Si 6 become incommensurate, suggesting a more complex modulated structure of the underlying multipolar order that can be continuously tuned by a magnetic field.