The drastic growth in power demand and the high capital investment for infrastructure developments, power system utilities are forced to concentrate on improving the reliability and efficiency by integrating Distributed Generators(DG) to the existing grid. The integration of DG to grid faces many challenges. This paper presents the implementation of an algorithm based on multiobjective function for optimal placement of Distributed Generation(DG), which is one among the major challenges in DG integration. Optimal placement and sizing of Distributed Generator (DG), is done with the objective of loss minimization and maximization of loading capability without affecting voltage stability of the system. Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), which is a metaheuristic algorithm is used to solve this problem, since this algorithm is based on updating tuning parameters to obtain the most effective solution. The major expenditure in DG integration, as installation costs, operational cost and maintenance cost are taken into consideration and a cost based analysis is also carried out in this work to check the feasibility of optimum placement and sizing in a DG interconnected system. The benefits due to DG placement at optimum location with suitable size are the loss reduction and cost reduction. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on standard IEEE 33 bus and IEEE 69 bus systems. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is also tested on a 301 bus distribution system of Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB). The test results are compared with other metaheuristic methods like Discrete Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (DABC) and Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm.

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This paper aims at reducing the rating of the power conditioners used in Railways. Co-phase traction employs a Railway Power Conditioner (RPC) for active power balancing, reactive power compensation and Harmonic elimination. The relation between the RPC Rating and the magnitude of the compensating currents and the power angles of the line currents is deduced. Different cases are considered with different combinations of the phase angles, and the best possible case is selected using theoretical analysis and verified by simulation using PSCAD. Comparison is made between the compensated and uncompensated case. The effect of an additional capacitance on the dc-link voltage is also studied. This RPC system is employed in a Traditional traction system used in Indian Railways, with neutral sections and the resulting changes and THD levels of the grid side currents are observed. These results are compared with the Co-phase Traction with RPC and the change in THD levels is noted.

The presence of distributed generation (DG) in electrical grids increases the complexity of the regulation process because the injection of power from these sources, which is intrinsically random for generators based on renewable sources, can alter the voltage profiles on the network buses. This requires the design of a suitable methodology aimed at assuring effective grid operation by the optimal coordination of DGs operations with traditional voltage regulating devices. In this paper, a coordinated voltage-control (CVC) scheme for smart grids with distributed generation depending on system conditions is introduced. Based on voltage and reactive power constraints three states are defined in which roles (Master/Slave)of the devices (DGs, OLTCs) are interchanged to allow maximum reactive power reserve for DGs. A mathematical formulation of optimal VAR control problem is performed for all the states in order to minimize the system real power loss. The 12-Bus test system is modified with DGs connected. Application of algorithm to the test system results in reduced system losses and improved voltage profile.