A drum dryer with a paddle mixing device which can significantly increase productivity and improve the quality of the drying process has been developed. The recommended values of the following parameters, which provide the most energy-saving mode while maintaining the high quality of the finished product (air supply speed is 2.5 m/s; drum filling factor is 0.25; the stirrer rotation speed is 20 rpm, the drying temperature is 60°C) have been established. These parameter values correspond to the specific power consumption equal to 1.83 kW* h/kg of evaporated moisture.
The technique and technology of movement and displacement of the powder product inside the drum dryer with a paddle agitator have been developed. Theoretical studies were carried out to assess the effect of the system of forces on the product inside the rotating drum when the agitator rotating in the opposite direction is exposed to it, which allowed estimating the throughput capability of the drying unit. It is established that, with an increase in the speed of movement and mixing of the product, the drying speed increases. The results of these studies can be used in the future when designing drying units and improving the drying technology.
The method and technology were developed to study the influence of an average diameter, mass and rolling friction of hawthorn fruits on the moisture content during the drying process. It was established that the fruits of smoothed hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) have a large unevenness in diameters of 11 mm - 21 mm and weight of 1.3 g - up to 4.2 g. The average diameter of hawthorn fruits decreases from 16 to 12.5 mm with a decrease in moisture content from 74.9 to 14%; the coefficient of rolling friction of hawthorn fruits on the surface of the working chamber increases from 0.12 to 0.31 with a decrease in moisture content from 74.9 to 14%. The results of these studies of hawthorn fruits can be used in the future when designing drying plants and improving drying technology.
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