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Single-line photonic-crystal waveguides are investigated. Photoluminescence experiments and three-dimensional calculation are performed and allow a clear identification of the guided modes. The propagation properties of the latter (group velocity, losses) are extracted from photoluminescence spectra obtained on closed waveguides which act as linear cavities.

Defectless two-dimensional photonic crystal structures have been fabricated by drilling holes in a thin multi-quantum-well InP-based heterostructure transferred onto a silicon host wafer. Extremely low group velocity modes, which correspond to the predicted photonic valence band edge, have been observed for different filling factors. Under pulsed optical pumping, room temperature laser operation around 1.5 μm has been achieved on these structures with a threshold in the milliwatt range.

Two-dimensional (2-D) compact photonic crystal reflectors on suspended InP membranes were studied under normal incidence. We report the first experimental demonstration of 2-D broadband reflectors (experimental stopband superior to 200 nm, theoretical stopband of 350 nm). They are based on the coupling of free space waves with two slow Bloch modes of the crystal. Moreover, they present a very strong sensitivity of the polarization dependence, when modifying their geometry. A compact (50 50 m 2) demonstrator was realized and characterized, behaving either as a broadband reflector or as a broadband transmitter, depending on the polarization of the incident wave. Experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations.

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Thourhout, Van, D.; Spuesens, T.; Selvaraja, S.K.; Liu, Liu; Roelkens, G.C.; Kumar, R.; Morthier, G.; Rojo-Romeo, P.; Mandorlo, F.; Régreny, P.; Raz, O.; Kopp, C.; Grenouillet, L. Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers)Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Thourhout, Van, D., Spuesens, T., Selvaraja, S. K., Liu, L., Roelkens, G., Kumar, R., ... Grenouillet, L. (2010). Nanophotonic devices for optical interconnect. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 16(5), 1363-1375. DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2010 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract-We review recent progress in nanophotonic devices for compact optical interconnect networks. We focus on microdisklaser-based transmitters and discuss improved design and advanced functionality including all-optical wavelength conversion and flip-flops. Next we discuss the fabrication uniformity of the passive routing circuits and their thermal tuning. Finally, we discuss the performance of a wavelength selective detector.Index Terms-Flip-flop, heterogeneous integration, microdisk laser (MDL), network-on-chip, photonic integration, process uniformity, silicon-on-insulator (SOI), wavelength conversion.

It is emphasized that two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D PC) have not only a great potential for the development of 2D nanophotonics in the inplane waveguided configuration, but that they may also open the way to other brilliant developments, with an extension to out-of-plane operation, along a 2.5D nanophotonics approach. In this 2.5D approach, a 1D-2D high index contrast lateral structuration is combined with a 1D high index contrast vertical structuration, using multilayer membrane stacks including 1D-2D photonic crystal membranes, thus resulting in so-called 2.5D PC. As a specific illustration of recent achievements along this approach, new families of VCSEL structures are presented.Examples of 2.5D photonic structures. a) A monolithic version, where a vertical stack of III-V semiconductor micro-structured membranes are suspended by surface micromachining. b) A heterogeneous version, where vertical integration of active and passive micro-structured membranes is achieved by bonding technologies.

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