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Several studies are being carried out to curtail the heat generated in machining. Among the various alternatives available, cutting fluids remain to be the choice. However, the various limitations of the cutting fluids restrict their application. Hence, different techniques are being explored to replace the use of cutting fluids, minimum quantity lubrication being one of them. This present article tries to review the available literature and examine nanofluids as potential candidates for minimum quantity lubrication.

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Increasing demand for precision miniaturised components made of hard and brittle materials can no longer meet the requirements by conventional machining and advanced machining processes. To facilitate high precision machining, vibration is introduced in any of workpiece, tool and working medium, which is called Vibration Assisted Machining (VAM). In this review, the advancements of VAM in conventional machining as well as in advanced machining are presented. In detail, general overview, classifications, basic kinematics of 1-D and 2-D VAM, chip formation and instrumental implementation issues of VAM, are discussed. In addition to this the reasons for improvements in machining process and promising areas to be explored in VAM are summarized.

This article presents a review of solid lubricants application in different machining processes such as grinding, milling, drilling, and turning. Of late, several reasons have led to the increased usage of solid lubricants in machining. The heat generated in the cutting zone during machining is critical in deciding the workpiece quality. Although cutting fluids are widely employed to carry away the heat in machining, their usage poses threat to ecology and the health of workers. Hence, there arises a need to identify eco-friendly and user-friendly alternatives to conventional cutting fluids. Modern tribology has facilitated the use of solid lubricants as an alternative to cutting fluids in machining. Graphite, calcium fluoride, molybdenum disulphide, and boric acid are the general solid lubricants used in machining. Process performance is improved with the application of solid lubricants in machining. By reducing coefficient of friction, cutting forces and tool wear are reduced in machining with solid lubricants. Reduction in cutting forces results in lower specific energy requirement and thus reduces production cost. Surface quality of the machined workpiece is also improved with solid lubricants.