Ultrasound imaging is the most widely used medical diagnostic technique for clinical decision making, due to its ability to make real time imaging for moving structures, low cost and safety. However, its usefulness is degraded by the presence of signal dependent speckle noise. Several wavelet-based denoising schemes have been reported in the literature for the removal of speckle noise. This study proposes a new and improved adaptive wavelet shrinkage in the translational invariant domain. It exploits the knowledge of the correlation of the wavelet coefficients within and across the resolution scales. A preliminary coefficient classification representing useful image information and noise is performed with a novel inter-scale dependency measure. The spatial context adaptation of the wavelet coefficients within a subband is achieved by a local spatial adaptivity indicator, determined by using a truncation threshold. A weighted signal variance is estimated based on this measure and used in the determination of a subband adaptive threshold. The proposed thresholding function aims to reduce the fixed bias of the soft thresholding approach. Experiments conducted with the proposed filter are compared with the existing filtering algorithms in terms of Peak-Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), Equivalent Number of Looks (ENL) and Edge Preservation Index (EPI). A comparison of the results shows that the proposed filter achieves an improvement in terms of quantitative measures and in terms of visual quality of the images.
Studies on the rheology of Streptomyces fradiae ScF‐5 in a 10‐dm3 submerged fermenter for the production of intracellular glucose isomerase revealed that the apparent viscosity of the broth increased with increase in cell density up to 24 h and then declined while the density of the broth remained constant. The plot of shear stress versus shear rate at various fermentation periods showed the applicability of the Casson model. The yield stress and consistency index were found to increase gradually then decrease subsequently. In contrast, the flow behaviour index was less than unity and remained constant throughout the fermentation. The results contrast with the findings of other workers on the Newtonian and non‐Newtonian character of fermentation broths and the applicability of the power law model to such systems.
This paper proposes an efficient system to manage the online food ordering, maintenance of employee attendance and provides auto surveillance. In this system, a camera will be placed at the entrance of the company. Whenever a person enters into the company, their faces are detected by the camera and features are extracted. Then those features are compared with the extracted features of the trained database. Two databases one employee database and other VIP database is maintained. When the features of a face get matched, the system will check whether the features are from the employee database or Very Important Person (VIP) database. When the match is from the employees list, the employee will be marked present. Then a unique code and the food ordering link will be sent to their mobile number. The ordered food will be delivered to the employee at the food court at the respective time slots. Suppose when the match is from the VIP list, an alert message will be sent to the reception desk along with the VIP ID. On the other hand, when the person photo is not matched, it will be saved in the unknown person list. When an employee leaves the company before the food is delivered, the food cancellation link will be sent to their respective mobile number to cancel the food order.
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