The article examines the use of waste from the crop-growing branch of agriculture in the manufacture of eco-friendly composite materials used in the reconstruction, modernization and construction of objects of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). As fillers for the manufacture of composite construction and finishing materials, waste products from the processing of agricultural crops of plant origin, such as fiber-like particles obtained from the straw of annual plants and remaining after harvesting raw cotton in the form of cotton stalks, are proposed.
The analysis of up-to-date domestic and foreign technology and innovative building materials used in the construction of new agribusiness facilities, farms and cattle facilities and upgrading and reconstruction of previously built ones is provided
The article scientifically substantiates the modes of disinfection of organic waste on the basis of litter in the thermal method of their processing in vacuum. Experiments on the determination of the modes of disinfection of organic animal waste during their thermal processing method were carried out in a drying chamber Vacuum EcoDry loaded with prepared initial organic substrate into which test objects contaminated with suspensions of various groups of microorganisms: E. coli, S. aureus – 209 P, an atypical strain of mycobacteria B-5 and B. cereus. The results were evaluated by the survival of the test cultures after vacuum heat treatment (drying) of organic waste. Disinfection of organic animal waste during the technological process of vacuum drying is achieved at an installation temperature of 75 °C and more, at humidity of 75-80 mm Hg, an exposure of at least 50 minutes and allows you to get safe in the sanitary relation of the product of their processing.
The article presents data on veterinary and sanitary and hygienic assessment of the polymer material «Penoplex». The above material is made of Styrofoam and used in many areas of production, including to reduce heat loss of livestock facilities. Cattle and pig manure was used as a contact medium with the material under study. The duration of contact with the material (exposure) was 30 days. To study the resistance of the material to disinfectants, we used: 10 % sodium hydroxide solution (80 °C); 5 % solution of soda ash (70 °C); clarified solution of bleach containing 3 % active chlorine; 40 % solution of formaldehyde; 2 % solution of hydrogen peroxide. Studies of samples of the polymer material «Penoplex» for resistance to animal secretions and disinfectants have shown that the polymer material is resistant to them. During the experiment and after its completion, the «Penoplex» material had no visually visible changes on the outer layer. The used disinfectants and the model environment did not violate the structure of the polymer material «Penoplex». A slight change in the color of the «Penoplex» was found on the 20th day of exposure to 10 % solution of sodium hydroxide with temperature of 70 °C. For sanitary and bacteriological evaluation of «Penoplex», the disk method was used. Discs with a diameter of 10 mm were prepared from the material under study; wood discs were used as a control. Studies have found that Penoplex has no effect on sanitary-indicative microorganisms and is neutral in relation to their growth, which indicates the absence of release of substances from it into the environment that can delay or stimulate the growth of test cultures. The veterinary and sanitary and hygienic assessment of the polymer material «Penoplex» is the basis to recommend it for use in the construction of livestock buildings and inclusion as an addition to the current «List of polymer materials and structures permitted for use in the construction and technological equipment of livestock facilities» in the prescribed manner.
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