Urinary incontinence (UI) in women can cause a number of sexual dysfunctions and reduce their quality of life. Sexual health is essential to the self-esteem, emotional state, and overall quality of life. We aimed to assess the quality of sexual life of women with UI. The study included a group of 145 sexually active women diagnosed with UI. The research was conducted using the diagnostic survey method with authorial and validated questionnaires. As many as 49.1% of the respondents reported a deterioration of sexual relations in comparison with the time before the onset of UI symptoms. According to the FSDS-R results, 83.45% of respondents were dissatisfied with their sex life. The higher the result obtained by respondents in the FSDS-R scale, the lower was their quality of life in the IIQ-7 scale (p ≤ 0.002, R = 0.53). The greatest impact was observed in the domains of emotional health and physical activity. The more incontinence symptoms reported by the respondent in the UDI-6 scale, the worse was her sexual satisfaction in the FSDS-R (p = 0.003, R = 0.39). UI in women contributes to the development of sexual dysfunctions, including decreased interest in sexual life, limited intercourse, and dissatisfaction with sexual life.

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Introduction: In the light of recent studies, the usefulness of the metabolic syndrome diagnosis in obese pediatric patients seems to be controversial. It leads to the pressing questions, if the metabolic syndrome diagnosis is reflecting risk of the cardiovascular complications in obese children. Aim of the study: To evaluate the incidence of metabolic syndrome in obese children, asses the role of insulin resistance in the metabolic complications and investigate if the diagnosis of MS has a clinical value in that group of patients. Material and methods: After the retrospective analysis of 588 records of obese children treated in metabolic outpatient clinic, 289 children (145 boys) in the mean age of 11 years, was qualified to the study. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on IDF 2009 criteria and HOMA-IR was used in the assessment of insulin resistance. Results: Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 69 children (24%) including 42 girls (61%, p < 0.05). Mean age was higher (12.4 vs. 10.9, p < 0.05) in patients with metabolic syndrome. Initial BMI Z-score was similar in the both groups (2.93 SD vs. 2.92 SD). However, further follow-up showed significantly (p < 0.001) less effective BMI z-score reduction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance was observed significantly more often in children with metabolic syndrome (77% vs. 35%, p < 0.0001). Moreover, aminotransferases were significantly higher in boys with metabolic syndrome (AST = 35 vs. 28 U/l, ALT = 38 vs. 23 U/l, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in obese children seems to have a predictive value for the clinical practice. Affected children are older and their criteria are present more often in girls. Insulin resistance seems to be an important factor associated with metabolic syndrome in obese children. The outcomes of behavioral therapy are less effective in children with metabolic syndrome. Affected boys are at higher risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the future.

WstępProblem nietrzymania moczu jest częstą przypadłością wśród kobiet. Uważa się, iż uskarża się na nie aż 10% populacji. Jest chorobą przewlekłą, ma znaczący wpływ na jakość życia kobiet, przy czym wczesna interwencja pozwala na całkowite wyleczenie. Najczęstszą postacią nietrzymania moczu (NTM) jest wysiłkowe nietrzymanie moczu (WNM). Niepokojący jest fakt, iż coraz częściej dotyka on także kobiet młodych.Materiał i metodyW badaniu wzięły udział 152 kobiety w przedziale wiekowym 17–89 lat. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa. Wyniki zostały poddane analizie statystycznej.WynikiWśród 13,2% badanych występuje WNM. Najwięcej respondentek uznało swój poziom wiedzy za średni (27%), wystarczający (23,7%) oraz słaby (15,1%). Natomiast 24,3% ankietowanych uważa posiadany zakres informacji za dobry oraz bardzo dobry (7,9%). Zdecydowana większość kobiet (92,1%) jest zdania, iż propagowanie wiedzy dotyczącej profilaktyki nietrzymania moczu jest niezbędne.WnioskiStan wiedzy kobiet w zakresie WNM wciąż jest niewystarczający. Kobiety wiedzą do kogo mogą się zwrócić z pierwszymi symptomami choroby oraz znają metody leczenia. Temat wysiłkowego nietrzymania moczu wciąż dla większości badanych jest tematem wstydliwym oraz ma znaczny wpływ na pogorszenie jakości życia. Istnieje ciągła potrzeba edukacji oraz propagowania informacji na temat inkontynencji.

The system of adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring in the Slovak Republic is greatly influenced by changes taking place in the current health care delivery system. Under-reporting and reporting biases due to selective ADR reporting provide very serious problems in pharmacovigilance. In the year 2001, the number of reported ADRs increased due to reports of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough; this coincided with limits being imposed on the use of angiotensin-II receptor antagonists. These factors provide an example of selective ADR reporting, deforming the quality of drug safety monitoring. They also indicate that administrative strategies can significantly affect spontaneous reporting activities.

Arterial rings were used to evaluate the differences in the effect of histamine (HIS) on canine dorsal pedal (DPA) and coronary arteries. Moreover, the responses of intact coronary arteries (IA) to HIS were compared with those of arteries isolated from sham operated dogs (SA) and from dogs in the late postinfarction period (PA). DPA responded to HIS added cumulatively with contraction which was potentiated by cimetidine (CIM) and reversed by mepyramine (MEP). IA responded with relaxation potentiated by MEP and reversed by CIM. Under resting conditions, coronary arteries responded to a single concentration of HIS with contraction or relaxation (in IA, SA). In PA, only contractions were seen. Responses of PA were significantly higher than those of IA and SA. It appears that in PA the ratio of H1- and H2-receptors is changed.

No abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral therapy in childhood obesity in metabolic outpatient clinic. Material and methods: Records of the 587 (289 boys) obese children in the age of 10.73 ± 3.57 were retrospectively analyzed (2005-2016). The therapy included lifestyle modification (increased physical activity, and support from the dietician and psychologist). Anthropometrical assessment was based on BMI z-score index. Results: Initial BMI z-score was higher in boys (3.29 SD vs. 2.66 SD, p < 0.00001). At follow-up visit for an average of 3 months, with a 66.8% of the children reported, an improvement was observed in 70% of them, and greater weight loss was found in boys (∆BMI Z-score: 0.28 SD vs.-0.15 SD). Improvement of the nutritional status (∆BMI Z-score) correlated with the age of children and the initial weight (vs. age: r = 0.233, p < 0.01; vs. BMI Z-score: r =-0.610, p < 0.00001). Further follow-up showed a reduction in the number of children continuing the treatment (at the 3 rd visit: 28.3%; at the 4 th visit: 19.1%; at the 5 th visit or more: 12.7%). In children, who remained under control of the outpatient clinic, a reduction in BMI z-score (p < 0.00001) was observed from the 3 rd visit. Conclusions: Behavioral therapy on the outpatient clinic level is effective, but its effectiveness is pointedly reduced by the high number of children and their parents who avoid the treatment or refuse to continue this model of therapy. The essential challenge is to keep the motivation of both parents and children. Key words: childhood obesity, behavioral treatment, BMI, outpatient clinic. 3.7% girls and 3.6% boys [3,4], and this is the reason why we should pay special attention to these children in clinical practice. In consequence, they are likely to stay obese in future. The obesity epidemic is a serious and growing problem for public health systems worldwide [5-7], affecting all age groups including very young children [8]. The main and the most important problem of obesity are the short-and long-term consequences. Obesity can lead to numerous comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or metabolic syndrome [8,9]. These progressive disorders lead to decline life expectancy. Regardless of multiple organic diseases, obesity often conduce to psychological distresses because is inevitably accompanied by discrimination and stigmatization