Beers are a source of dietary flavonoids; however, there exist differences in composition, alcohol concentration, and beneficial activities. To characterize these differences, three kinds of lager beer of habitual consumption in Spain, dark, blond, and alcohol-free, were assayed for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and in vitro inhibitory effect on DNA oxidative damage. Furthermore, their melanoidin content and correlation with antioxidant activity were evaluated. Dark beer contained the highest total phenolic (489 +/- 52 mg/L) and melanoidin (1.49 +/- 0.02 g/L) contents with a 2-fold difference observed when compared to the alcohol-free beer. For the three kinds of beer, the antioxidant activity measured as N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride concentration was strongly correlated with the total polyphenol content (R(2) = 0.91102, p < 0.005) and with the melanoidin content (R(2) = 0.7999, p < 0.05). The results support a positive effect of beers on the protection of DNA oxidative damage, by decreasing the deoxyribose degradation, DNA scission (measured by electrophoresis), and inhibition of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) formation. Furthermore, a correlation between the total melanoidin content (R(2) = 0.7309, p < 0.01) and inhibition of 8-OH-dG was observed.

ElsevierBetoret Valls, ME.; Betoret Valls, N.; Arilla, A.; Bennár ., M.; Barrera Puigdollers, C.; Codoner, P.; Fito Maupoey, P. (2012)

Rotavirus-specific IgA has been correlated with immune protection against rotavirus reinfection and symptomatic disease. Systemic and mucosal antibody responses were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 11 infants with severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Geometric mean titers of antirotavirus serum IgG and IgA antibodies were significantly higher during the convalescence of the disease (P < 0.001 vs. acute-phase titers). Rotavirus-specific fecal sIgA antibodies increased 4 times during the convalescence in 9 (81.8%) children (P < 0.001). The serum IgG and IgA antibody and fecal sIgA antibody responses to individual rotavirus polypeptides were characterized by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) using Staphylococcus aureus protein A and the lectin jacalin to precipitate IgG- and IgA-immune complexes, respectively. The main IgG response was directed toward the structural viral proteins VP2, VP4, and VP6 and toward the nonstructural protein NSP2. Serum IgA reactivity was detected by RIPA in all serum samples, with major responses to VP2, VP6, and NSP2. Interestingly, fecal sIgA in convalescent samples reacted strongly toward NSP2 and VP6. These data reinforce the antigenic importance of rotaviral proteins other than VP4 and VP7, such as VP2, VP6, and NSP2, as main targets in the immune response to rotavirus.

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Backgrounds and aims Left ventricular hypertrophy is a strong independent predictor of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Subclinical cardiovascular disease begins to evolve in childhood. Epidemiological studies show that impaired growth is associated with increased left ventricular mass. The aim of this study is to asses how is the pattern more frequent in obese children. Methods Anthropometric measurements were taken in 147 normotensive children, 95 with obesity (age 11.0 ± 2.8 years) and 52 with normal weight (age 11.1 ± 2.7 years). Echocardiography determinations were performed by two-dimensional mode. The function and left ventricular (LV) mass was assessed according to the formula of Devereux and indexed for height 2.7 to obtain left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Relative wall Thicknes (RWT) was also normalised for age. A RWT ≤ 0.42, which represents the 95th percentile, and the 95th percentile of LVMi for age and gender for normal children were used as cut-off points in the evaluation of LV geometry. LV geometry was classified as normal, eccentric hypertrophy, concentric hypertrophy or concentric remodelation. Results The presence of any type of abnormal geometry was more frequent in obese children (Table 1).Abstract PO-0037 Figure 2 Biomarker patterns during intensive care admission in infants with CDH Abstract PO-0039 Table 1 Obese (n = 95) Controls (n = 52) Objective To determine the indication and need for echocardiographic assessment according to clinical severity of patients and therapeutic interventions performed after echocardiographic evaluation in critically ill children. Design Prospective observational study. Setting 14-bed, tertiary care Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).Methods The PICU is a multidisciplinary referral centre. A total of 140 children; 75 mechanically ventilated (MV) and 65 spontaneously breathing (SB) who were admitted to our unit consecutively from March to August 2013 were included into the study. The indication for echocardiography and therapeutic interventions performed after cardiology consultation were recorded. For the estimation of severity of disease the paediatric risk of mortality score (PRISM) III was determined. The correlation between Prism III score and the need for echocardiographic evaluations were analysed.Results Ages of all patients were between 45 days to 18 years. The male-female ratio was 1.33. Echocardiography was indicated in 88% (n = 66) of MV and%46.2 (n = 30) of SB patients. In 35.4% (n = 34) of patients who underwent echocardiographic evaluation no definitive change occured in treatment strategy while in 64.6% (n = 62) of patients decisive/supplemental information was obtained. Echocardiographic evaluation was necessary in MV children (p < 0.001) when compared with SB group and there was a positive correlation between Prism III score and the need for echocardiographic evaluation. Conclusion Echocardiographic evaluation is essential in mechanically ventilated children and the need for echocardiographic assesment incre...

Fever and other symptoms of infection occur frequently after cardiac surgery in children. Attempts to recognize microbial agents in these patients are necessary for effective treatment. 650 children between 1 month and 16 years were treated by open heart surgery in our hospital from 1978 ti1 1984. Bacterial infections were analyzed in respect to the species of isolates, their antibiotic sensitivities, the site of infection, time of onset and age of the patient etc. Routine diagnostic procedures included blood culture techniques for aerobes, anaerobes and fungi, investigations of tracheal and wound secretions, pleural and pericardial exudates and of urine Further tissue cultures and antibody assays were performed to exclude viral infections. In some patients postcardiotomy syndrome was diagnosed without detecting a bacterial or viral origin. The results of prophylactic treatment with antibiotic during and after cardiac surgery were evaluated. Failures of prophylaxis and therapy are described in some patients and conclusions are drawn for the choice of antibiotics for bacterial infections after cardiac surgery. Children infection by Cryptosporidium sp. have been communicated since 1976 usually associated to acute diarrohoeal disease. This protozoa has been isolated recently in SIDA patients with serious illness. Three new cases, the first of Spanish pediatric literature, are described in this paper. Children were males; two of them twins. Age ranged 24 to 27 m. All lived in Valencia, and went to infant's school with high stand of living and domestic animal relationship. The most frequent symptom was well located colic abdominal pain with day predominance and 2 months of evolution in the twins. The third case began with abdminal pain and discomfort. Three months before had been treated with Metronidazol because G. lamblia infestation. All of them had irregular depositions, good nutritional status and normal abdominal examination findings. None had fever, proctitis, periartritis, anemia,eosinophilia, ESR, rotavirus antibody title ele vation or humoral and celular immunity alterations. Another pathogenic agents were not isclated by br;cterit,logic or paracitolog!~ study. Pulmonary complications of staph.osteomye1itis seem to be infrequent and are seldom related in wide reviews of this entity and in texts of infectious diseases.Cardiac complications are still more infrequently found.However our experience is far from this observation. We have found pneumonic interstitial infiltrates and/or asymptomatic pneumatoceles in about two thirds of children suffering from staph. osteomyelitis to whom we have taken a weekly chest radiograph while they were feverish.Severe forms are rare.Lately,however,we have treated 5 children with acute staph.osteomyelitis,aged 6 to 13,and whith severe pulmonary and cardiac complications.They had broad bone lesions which affected (1)left femur and tibia, (2)right femur, (3) right tibia, (4) left femur, (5) left femur and f ibula.Pulmonary and cardiac complications were respectively (1)pneumat...

Methods ECG electrodes and a PO sensor were attached as soon as possible after birth in healthy pre (term) infants. PO data with Signal Identification and Quality <0.30 were excluded. HR ECG and HR PO were compared every 30 s from 1-10 min.Results 755 data pairs of 53 patients were analysed. Median (range) gestational age was 36 (27-41) weeks. Data from ECG and PO were acquired from 82 (26) and 99 (33)s after birth. Median HR PO was <100 bpm the first 2 min after which it rapidly increased. HR ECG remained stable at 150-160 bpm (table). Conclusion HR measured by PO is significantly lower compared to ECG, which has important implications for clinical care in the first minutes after birth. Background and aims Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. A growing body of evidence suggests that preterm infants develop an unfavourable cardiovascular risk profile in adult life. The aim of this study was to investigate whether early laboratory and ultrasonographic markers of an increased cardiovascular risk are present in former preterm infants at a preschool age. Methods Former preterm infants born in Tyrol between 2006 and 2008 with a gestational age <32 weeks were followed up at a corrected age of five to seven years. Healthy preschoolers born at term served as controls. Glucose and cholesterol levels were determined after a minimum overnight fasting period of twelve hours. Aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) was assessed by means of high resolution ultrasound and a software quantification tool. Results 137 children (preterm: 64, term: 73) were examined. Blood samples were obtained from 80 participants (preterm: 57, term: 23). In comparison to children born at term, former preterm infants had significantly higher HDL cholesterol, but also fasting glucose levels. Total and LDL cholesterol levels tended to be higher in the preterm group, but these findings did not reach statistical significance. aIMT measurements did not differ between groups. All parameters were independent of current BMI percentile and gender. Conclusions In comparison to children born at term, former preterm infants have higher fasting glucose levels and show dualistic cholesterol alterations at a preschool age. The relevance of these findings with regard to future cardiovascular health will be addressed by additional studies. PS-104