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Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare, recently described tumor of salivary gland origin. Differential diagnosis includes benign lesions as clear cell change in a pleomorphic adenoma or in oncocytoma and malignant tumors – i.e. epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, clear cell acinic carcinoma, clear cell squamous carcinoma, clear cell malignant melanoma, clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, clear cell rhabdomyosarcoma, sebaceous carcinoma and metastasis of renal carcinoma. A favorable prognosis after wide local excision has been evidenced. Three new cases of HCCC (2 in the oral cavity and 1 in the parotid gland) are presented.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is now considered a useful tool in the evaluation of adult patients with mass lesions. We reviewed the experience with FNAC in our Paediatric Surgical Department. One hundred and eleven FNACs were performed in children with a superficial mass and no definite diagnosis. All the exams were done by the same physician using a fine needle and no anesthesia. We routinely used May-Grüwald-Giemsa and Papanicolaou staining. Patients age ranged from 20 days to 17 years, with a mean age of 6.5 years. A clinically benign pathology was cytologically confirmed in 90 cases (81%). All children did well at follow-up. Malignancy was diagnosed in eight cases (7.2%) and in all was confirmed with a surgical biopsy. In nine children (8.1%) the specimen was considered insufficient for definite diagnosis. In four cases (3.6%) the pathologist diagnosed a possible malignancy that was excluded at surgical biopsy. The sensitivity was 100% and the specificity was 96%. Our experience confirms that FNAC is a fast, cheap, simple, and accurate diagnostic method and should be used for screening in all children with doubtful superficial masses.

A case of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis involving a right submandibular lymph node is described in a 14-year-old Caucasian boy. The diagnosis was established on initial assessment by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Excisional biopsy, performed because the lymph node enlargement failed to regress, confirmed the cytological findings.

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Two cases of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid are presented. The diagnosis was established on initial assessment by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Histologic evaluation of the surgical specimens confirmed the diagnosis of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma.

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