OBJECTIVES:This observational study assessed compliance with the anti-tobacco Law Nb 4207 with regard to taxis in Çankaya district, Ankara. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This descriptive study was conducted in Kızılay, Kuğulu, and Tandoğan intersections on January 18-23, 2016 between 9.00-11.00 and 14.00-16.00 hours in Ankara. Data regarding the status of the taxi (either cruising or not), smoking inside taxis, smoking status of the taxi drivers and/or clients, location of the clients in the taxi, presence of a child in the taxi, and status of the windows (open or not) were recorded using a data-gathering form. RESULTS:Three thousand six hundred fifty-six taxis were evaluated, of which 79 (2.2%) taxi drivers were observed smoking. Clients were observed smoking in 17 taxis (1.3%). Ninety-four taxi drivers and/or clients (2.6%) were observed smoking. Taxi drivers smoked more frequently in the absence of a client. In addition, a smoking client influenced the taxi driver's smoking status (p<0.001). CONCLUSION:Violation of the anti-tobacco Law Nb 4207 was observed. In this regard, the number of inspections needs to be increased. Systematic training programs for the taxi drivers regarding the risks of tobacco should be a priority. Preventive studies concerning the hazards of passive smoking should be also conducted at a community level.
BACKGROUND AND AIM:The aim of this study is to determine the clinical course and investigate the factors related to survival in children weighted up to 10 kg treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). METHOD:This study is retrospective observational cohort study. We included children up to 10 kg, treated with CRRT between January 2015 and March 2021 in five PICUs. RESULTS:One-hundred-forty-one children treated with CRRT were enrolled during the study period. The children comprised 74 male (52.5%) with a median age of 6 (2-12) months. The median weight of patients was 6 (4-8.35) kg. The median PRISM III score of all patients was 17(IQR 10-27). The fifty-two patient (36.9%) weighted less than 5 kg. Fluid overload (53.2%) was the most common indication for CRRT followed by sepsis with multiorgan failure (44%). The median PICU length of stay was 10 days (IQR 4-25). The overall mortality was 48.2%. Survivors and non survivors showed significant differences age, weight, PRISM III score, pediatric PELOD score, number of multiorgan failure, organ failure (respiratory, heart, hematologic, renal, hepatology), fluid overload, acute kidney injury, sepsis with organ failure, mechanic support therapy including invasive mechanic ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The most common CRRT modality was continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (55.3%). The survival time showed significant differences hepatic failure, circulation failure (p:0.042, p=0.010, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Despite the technical difficulties of using modified equipment in critically ill children with a bodyweight of less than 10 kg, CRRT is a safe, sustainable, and beneficial extracorporeal treatment modality.
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