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Based on a study in four Norwegian cities (Oslo, Stavanger/Sandnes, Bergen and Trondheim) differing in size and center structure, this article illuminates how residential and workplace location, local-area density and transit accessibility influence different aspects of travel behavior. We find strong effects of residential and workplace distance to the city center on overall driving distances and commuting distances. We also find clear effects of local area densities around residences and workplaces on the choice of car as a travel mode, along with less pronounced effects of the distance from dwellings and workplaces to the city center. In the cities with the best developed transit provision, we also see clear effects of transit accessibility at the residence on the propensity of choosing the car as travel mode. The results provide strong support of Norwegian national policies of urban densification as a planning strategy to curb the growth in urban motoring. However, although the influences of urban structure on travel show many similarities across the four cities, there are also important differences reflecting variations in center structure (predominantly mono-or polycentric) and population size. The magnitude of the influences of various urban structural characteristics on travel behavior are thus highly contextdependent.

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The purpose of the study is to explore the relative influence of different measures of accessibility, public transport quality and local density on trip chain mode choice. This study uses data from the National Travel Survey in Norway and develops a logistic regression model on the choice between public transport and car on daily trip chains. Results show that the most important factors in explaining the use of public transport are 1) the travel time competitiveness of public transport versus the car, 2) parking restrictions, 3) centrality of trip chain destinations, and 4) waiting time between departures.

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