Драпкина О. М. от имени участников исследования ЭССЕ-РФ # Цель. Изучить распространенность ожирения и ассоциации с факторами риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний среди населения некоторых регионов России по данным исследования ЭССЕ-РФ. Материал и методы. Обследованы представительные выборки населения 13 регионов России, всего 21768 участников, в т. ч. мужчин (n=8 304) и женщин (n=13 464) 25-64 лет, в рамках исследования "Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ЭССЕ-РФ)", с откликом ~80%. Стандартный вопросник состоящему из 12 модулей, разработанному на основе адаптированных международных методик. Для оценки распространенности ФР были использованы стандартные эпидемиологические методы. Масса тела оценивалась в категориях индекса МТ (индекса Кетле: ИМТ = Масса тела, кг/рост, м 2 ). МТ в категориях ИМТ оценивается как: недостаточная (ИМТ <18,5), нормальная (18,5≤ ИМТ ≤24,9), избыточная (25,0≤ ИМТ ≤29,9), ожирение I степени (30,0 ≤ИМТ ≤34,9), ожирение II ст. (35,0≤ ИМТ ≤39,9) и ожирение III ст. (ИМТ >40,0). Абдоминальное ожирение (АО) было оценено по критериям: для мужчин окружность талии (ОТ) ≥102 см и ≥88 см для женщин. Результаты. Среднее значение ИМТ среди обследованных составило 27,6 кг/ м 2 без гендерных различий. ИМТ увеличивается с возрастом только среди Russ J Cardiol. 2018;23(6):123-130 http://dx.
Background:
The prevalence of obesity in Russia has increased sharply since the mid-1990s. Interestingly, the prevalence of obesity in Japan is lower than in many Western countries. Japan has implemented different types of weight control programs using a smart device to monitor patients remotely. New health promotion methods from Japan are now being used in Russia. The Russian-Japanese “Tackle Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Outcome by Diet, Activities and Checking Body Weight Intervention” (RJ-TOMODACHI) study aims to evaluate a preventive intervention using Japanese health monitoring technology in reducing excess body weight, compared with standard care, in Russia.
Methods and Results:
The trial is a single-center, 3-armed, parallel group randomized controlled trial conducted among overweight/obese adults. It has been designed to compare the effectiveness of 2 newly developed interventions against standard care for 6 months. Participants in the low- and high-intensity intervention groups will have 3 and 6 consultations over the study period, respectively. In all, 260 adults were screened at baseline; 65 did not participate in the trial for various reasons. The remaining 195 people were randomized into 3 groups (high-intensity intervention, n=73, low-intensity, n=73; standard care group, n=49).
Conclusions:
The trial protocol has been designed so that the methodology can be adapted for use in Russia.
Objective:
To estimate the economic burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) attributable to unhealthy diet in the Russian Federation (RF) in 2016.
Design and method:
According to the ESSE-RF epidemiological study, the prevalence of excess consumption of salt, processed red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in the Russian population was recorded in 49.9%, 22.5 %, 8.6% surveyed, respectively. We first obtained CVD risk estimates for intakes of harmful foods (salt, processed red meat, SSB). The relative risks (RRs) of morbidity and mortality from CVD associated with unhealthy diet were identified through a literature search. Based on the data on the prevalence of excess salt intake, processed red meat and SSB consumption in the Russian population and RRs, the population attributable fractions (PAFs) was calculated for CVD. Associations were presented as RRs and PAFs with 95% CIs. To assess the economic burden, the proportion of the analyzed risk factors in the morbidity and mortality from CVD was determined, and then the proportion in the economic burden of the CVD. The direct costs of the health care system and losses in the economy due to morbidity and mortality from CVD associated with unhealthy diet were determined. The calculations were performed in Microsoft Excel 10.0. (Microsoft, USA).
Results:
The calculated PAR, associated with excess salt intake, for CVD mortality and morbidity was 5% and 7% respectively; for stroke: in mortality — 17%, in morbidity — 10%. The daily of processed red meat consumption determine 8.6% contribution to the morbidity of coronary heart disease. PAR of SSB consumption for CVD mortality and morbidity – 2%. The economic burden of CVD associated with an unhealthy diet in the Russian Federation in 2016 amounted to 204.2 billion rubles (2.9 billion €). Excessive salt intake makes the largest contribution to this burden. The losses in the economy due to premature mortality (177.2 billion rubles) prevail in the structure of the main burden. Direct medical expenses amounted to 26.9 billion rubles.
Conclusions:
The significant economic burden associated with preventable disease provides an economic rationale for action to reduce the prevalence of lifestyle-related risk factors.
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