Active database systems support mechanisms that enable them to respond automatically to events that are taking place either inside or outside the database system itself. Considerable effort has been directed towards improving understanding of such systems in recent years, and many different proposals have been made and applications suggested. This high level of activity has not yielded a single agreed-upon standard approach to the integration of active functionality with conventional database systems, but has led to improved understanding of active behavior description languages, execution models, and architectures. This survey presents the fundamental characteristics of active database systems, describes a collection of representative systems within a common framework, considers the consequences for implementations of certain design decisions, and discusses tools for developing active applications.
Model Driven Development (MDD) is an emerging paradigm for software construction that uses models to specify programs, and model transformations to synthesize executables. Feature Oriented Programming (FOP) is a paradigm for software product lines where programs are synthesized by composing features. Feature Oriented Model Driven Development (FOMDD) is a blend of FOP and MDD that shows how products in a software product line can be synthesized in an MDD way by composing features to create models, and then transforming these models into executables. We present a case study of FOMDD on a product line of portlets, which are components of web portals. We reveal mathematical properties of portlet synthesis that helped us to validate the correctness of our abstractions, tools, and specifications, as well as optimize portlet synthesis.
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