En este artículo se analizan las consecuencias de la migración internacional en los procesos académicos y administrativos escolares, para ello se examinaron las funciones directivas en la inscripción de los menores migrantes de retorno a México. Los resultados se obtuvieron a partir de los datos recopilados en 34 escuelas primarias públicas de Hermosillo, Sonora, durante el ciclo escolar 2014-2015. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a 34 directores y a 3 funcionarios de la Secretaría de Educación y Cultura del estado, para identificar la dinámica administrativa que realizan al momento de recibir a los niños y las niñas con experiencia educativa en Estados Unidos, y conocer el grado de capacitación y conocimiento que tienen los directores, para facilitar el proceso de incorporación de los nuevos estudiantes al sistema educativo de Sonora.Returning migrant minors: academic problems and administrative process in the Sonoran school systemThis article analyzes the consequences of international migration for the school academic and administrative processes; for this purpose, management functions in the enrollment of migrant minors returning to Mexico were examined. The results were obtained from data collected in 34 public primary schools in Hermosillo, Sonora during the 2014-2015 school year. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 34 school principals and three officials of the state Secretariat of Education and Culture in order to identify the administrative dynamics involved when receiving children with school experience in the United States, as well as to determine the level of training and knowledge of school principals with the aim of facilitating the process of incorporation of new students into Sonora’s education system.
Este artículo ofrece una alternativa teórica y metodológica para dimensionar el alcance de las redes sociales y así conocer la influencia, inversión y distancia recorrida que hace un adolescente en el municipio de Acambay, Estado de México, para obtener ayuda en un viaje migratorio hacia la frontera norte de México. Dimensionar el potencial de las redes sociales implicaría advertir un resultado negativo al reproducir información poco confiable. Tal es el caso de la “crisis humanitaria" de adolescentes migrantes que realizan el viaje migratorio con la falsa esperanza de recibir asilo político en Estados Unidos. Para analizar la morfología de una red, se utiliza el Software especializado UCINET6.
The objective of this article is to analyze the narratives of four young people from border cities who were deprived of their liberty for having proven their participation in a crime. The narratives are approached from a qualitative perspective to delve into the meanings involved in building identities in a border context. The field work was developed during 2018 and 2019 in the treatment centers for adolescents in San Luis Río Colorado and Nogales, Sonora, as well as in Güémez, Tamaulipas, Mexico. One of the substantive findings was to identify the process of internalization and normalization of a state of permanent precariousness in the actors in the absence of structural strategies that homogenize the youth. The analysis from these dimensions provides empirical elements in the discussion about heterogeneities in youth identities; elements for an epistemological, holistic and situational discussion on the accumulation of situations of vulnerability that certain actors experience in a given geographic space.
The following paper develops the concept of "Migrant teenager in conflict with the law" from three dimensions: Social, Biological and legal within the Mexican-American border context. At the same time it analyzes a conceptual transition: from transit migrant teenagers to circuit migrant teenagers. This is analyzed to serve as an example of how the actors get a higher degree of vulnerability that makes them take decisions that endanger their physical integrity and their liberty. One of the main points in this paper is that teenagers are easily susceptible of being "recruited" by criminals to commit antisocial activities that could led them to jail. This forced recruitment happens due to the fact that migrant teenagers have accumulated several conditions of vulnerability especially during the conceptual transition they suffer in international frontier. Three research threads are established: legislation concerning migrant teenagers; broken migratory process and the transition from transit migrant teenagers to circuit migrant teenagers in through three dimensions; legal, social and biological. This is an effort to bring light to one of the most vulnerable actors in the migrant process: migrant teenagers. This paper takes as an empiric reference the Mexicali Treatment Center for Teenagers, in Baja California Mexico because this actors have several vulnerabilities accumulated and are involved in crimes and are being held incarcerated. The results of this research show that integral attention is limited by the homologation of all the migrants regardless of age, and other characteristics of the actors. This paper suggests make visible the different situations of vulnerability to create integral attention strategies for migrant teenagers.
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