Smart city is a strategic entity that comprises of modern urban production factors in a common framework and highlights the growing importance of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Telecommunications service providers have strengths and assets that can be utilized to bring the dream of a smart city environment into reality. This leads to a strong move that serves the needs of society by ensuring E-Governance rather than conventional setup of Governance. Establishing a customer contact centre is just the first part of the process of optimal digitalization of municipal operations and interactions with citizens. This research highlights how a contact center helps to achieve few goals of a by providing significant facilities to citizens.

In Pakistan Higher Education Commission (HEC) is considered as the centralized body that governs and sets policies for research and development for all educational institutions of higher learning. Availability of research material is one of the main hurdles in the production and creativity of many researchers in all disciplines at university level. Dearth of such facilities demotivates the young researchers, and they start looking for opportunities in the urban countries. HEC has made the first move by starting National Research Program for Universities (NRPU) by promoting the Resear ch & development to meet the current challenges. The aim of this research is to provide the research status in Pakistan, its structure, funding and results. The support of the government to researchers plays a vital role. Some bottlenecks that have been identified are: centralized system, processing delays in approval of funds and projects and slow execution of policies. PJETS Volume 5, No 1, 2015The delays in the approval and release of funds affect the system and interest of researchers. Poor check on policy implementation results in economic loss to the country. HEC is trying to encourage research culture in Pakistan; The HEC supports researchers based on their ability and impact factor with a maximum funding of 20 Million. It provides grants for research projects in the fields of Engineering, Science & Technology as well as humanities and social sciences. The objective is to encourage research in all fields and branches of learning.

The night vision imaging mechanisms are developed to increase the visibility beyond normal human perception capabilities. So far, night vision methods reported in literature, such as, Morphological, Low Pass Pyramid, Contrast Pyramid, Filter Subtract Decimate and Shift Invariant methods, the Laplacian fusion method has been rated, the best method [1][2]. In this research paper four different methods of fusion of images, Gradient, Wavelet, Quincuns Lifting, including Laplacian are processed using Matlab toolbox called Matifus for night vision. For comparing the results of processed images using above methods, Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is used. MOS result of Laplacian, wavelet, gradient and quincunx methods are compared. The MOS results on the scale of 1-5 indicate a score of 4.15 for Laplacian, that means the quality of image perceived by the scorers is rated between good and excellent. By using MOS and perceptually proving that Laplacian technique is better than all others for night vision systems. However Gradient scored 3.56, Wavelet scored 3.15 and lastly 2.22 was scored by Quincunx Lifting method.

<span>Wireless sensor networks are the communication of small<span> sensing el- ements which collaborate with each other to collect<span> process and communicate over wireless channel information<span> about some physical phenomena. These self- managing,<span> highly robust and energy efficient networks can be excellent<span> means for monitoring underground mining, wildlife and<span> various physical infrastruc- tures such as bridges, pipelines,<span> and buildings. This paper introduces wireless sensor<span> networks to address specific problems in agriculture system<span> of agricul- tural countries like Pakistan and discusses WSN’s<span> usefulness to overcome those problems.<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

<span>A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes. This research is<span> based on automation of a water tank by using Siemens PLC. Automatic control of water tanks<span> can work continuously and can provide accurate quantity of water in less time. In such process<span> there is no need of labor so there is no human error. Without human error, the quality of product<span> is better and the cost of production would definitely decrease with no error in quantity required.<span> Water level sensing can be implemented in industrial plants, commercial use and even at home<br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span>