The main purpose of this paper is to examine the various factors that attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in North Africa countries, in order to find answers to the following question: What are the determinants / impediments of FDI inflow to North Africa countries? The study investigates the relationship between FDI and the economic growth in the North African countries, covering the period 1961-2012. Results from the analysis suggest that FDI is explained by some economic determinants but has non-significant effect on GDP growth. The study also investigates FDI Behavior in Egypt and explaining this behavior. Index Terms-foreign direct investment, economic growth, North Africa, Egyptian FDI behavior
Abstract-This study investigates the causal relationship between stock market development and economic growth in Egypt. To achieve this objective, unit root tests were conducted for time series data for the period of 2002 to 2013 in their levels and their first differences according to Dickey-Fuller. Johansen co-integration analysis was conducted to examine whether the variables are co-integrated of the same order. Vector autoregression estimates (VAR) was chosen to test the long-run relationship between stock market development and economic growth. VAR Granger Causality test was applied to determine the direction of causality between the examined variables. Finally, Variance Decomposition and Impulse response function (IRF) were used for forecasting the future relationship between the study variables. The results do not indicate a causal relationship between stock market development alone and the economic growth. However, the results show a link between stock market development as well as foreign direct investment and economic growth. Therefore, it can be inferred that government should reshape and adjust the stock market and take care of FDI to support economic growth.
The main objective of this research work is to demonstrate the necessity of changing modes of the traditional hospital governance. These modes are characterized by logic of specialization and a segregation of tasks, a power of competence and a broad autonomy of doctors releasing them from the need to coordinate their activities with those of their colleagues. The new mode of governance leads to a real capacity of initiative and an empowerment of hospital practitioners. The renovated organization offers an opportunity to engage in a real integration of different medical and administrative logic and a reconciliation of professional cultures that promote a synergy of skills, resources and, therefore, optimize resources allocation and improve the quality of care. The aim is to ensure better coordination between the medical sphere and the administrative sphere, in order to make the hospital system work faster and better.
Abstract-This study aims to investigate the long run relationship of international reserves holding in Egypt using the buffer stock model presented by Frenkel and Jovanovic (1981). The study employed quarterly data from 1990Q1 to 2012Q4. A robust time series technique autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was used which is applicable irrespective of whether the regressors are purely I (0) or purely I (1). The evidence derived from the ARDL approach support the fact that the scale variables and the volatility variable have significant effects on the reserve demand. The evidence also demonstratesthat both exchange rate flexibility and opportunity cost does not have any significant impact on the reserve demandin Egypt.Index Terms-International reserve holdings, Egyptian economy, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL).
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