The aim of this research was to investigate the inhibitory effects of oxidative stress, tyrosinase, L-DOPA auto-oxidation, and melanogenesis for whitening effect using tea plant root’s crude saponin. The inhibitory effects of oxidative stress, tyrosinase, L-DOPA auto-oxidation, and melanogenesis increased depending on the concentration of tea plant root's crude saponin. when the concentration of tea plant root’s crude saponin was increased from 50 µg/mL. to 500 µg/mL with SNP 0.3 mM, the survival rate of HepG2 cell was increased from 57.58% to 65.78%, which was about 1.36 fold increase compared negative control without saponin. The maximum inhibitory activity of tyrosinase in Clone-M3 cell was obtained, 61.34% when the tea plant root’s saponin concentrations was 300 µg/mL. The maximum activity of L-DOPA auto-oxidation inhibition was 36.24% at 300 µg/mL. It was confirmed that this plays a major role in the reaction of converting L-tyrosine, which is known to slow down the initial rate determination step, into DOPA in melanin production. The melanin inhibitory activity in Clone-M3 cell with α-MSH were increased from 3.71% to 27.84%, when the crude saponin concentrations were increased from 25µg/mL, to 300µg/mL. Tea plant root’s crude saponin means that it is effective in inhibiting melanin production by inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase proteins in Clone-M3 cells.
This study was to investigate the inhibitory activity of oxidation and acetylcholinesterase using acetone, hexane, ethyl acetate, hot water and ethanol extracts of mycelia obtained from submerged culture from Pleurotus eryngii (DC. ex Fr.) Quel. var. ferulae Lanzi for function tea development. Among various solvent extracts on the oxidation inhibitory activity, the ethanol extract obtained 66.18% of the maximum inhibitory activity. In the case of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, the hot water extract obtained 13.24% of the maximum inhibitory activity. The maximum inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase was obtained 17.36% at 40℃ of extract temperature. The maximum inhibitory activity of oxidation was obtained 63.28% at 60℃. The oxidation inhibitory activity was increased from 50.63 to 60.17% when extract time was increased from 2hr to 4hr at 60℃. On the other hand, in the case of over 6hr of extract time, it was decreased to 55.43% at 12hr of extract time. Thermal and pH of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor were stable at 10-30℃ and pH 5.0 to 9.0. As a result, it is considered that this pretreatment effect is effective in promoting inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase and oxidation using P. eryngii (DC. ex Fr.) Quel. var. ferulae Lanzi mycelia.
The purpose of this work was to examine the reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst, and mixing ratio of methanol and Ungpo tea seed oil extracted from supercritical CO2 extraction method for optimization of the biodiesel production process variables. The optimum conditions for effective biodiesel production were obtained at 50 min of reaction time, 60°C of reaction temperature, 1.0% of KOH as catalyst, and mixed molar ratio 1:5 of tea seed oil and methanol, respectively. For evaluation of biodiesel produced from the optimum conditions, physicochemical properties were measured. Biodiesel production yield was a range of 97.14 and 97.79%. In the case of density, it was a range of 0.83 to 0.84, which was similar to standard value. When Ungpo tea seed oil's biodiesel was used, the iodine value was 111.25 g I2/100 g, which was about 5.4% lower than Jeju tea seed oil's biodiesel. Oxidative stability of Ungpo tea seed oil's biodiesel was found to be 7.58 hr, which was about 5.0% lower than Jeju tea seed oil. However, compared to the EU's biodiesel quality standard, it was increased by about 20.3%. CFPP of Ungpo tea seed oil's biodiesel was found to be -8.38 ∼ -7.84℃, which was almost similar as that of Jeju tea seed oil's biodiesel. These results indicated that Ungpo tea seed oil exracted from supercritical CO2 extraction might be a suitable raw material for the biodiesel production.
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