We aimed to evaluate stress level reactions to depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress in paediatric patients’ post-COVID-19 infection. A total of two hundred consecutive patients aged 8 to 18 years were prospectively enrolled in the study between March 2020 and June 2021. One hundred patients were diagnosed with a positive COVID-PCR test and had inpatient management. Another hundred patients had positive COVID-PCR results and completed their care and isolation for 14 days at home. We used the child posttraumatic stress reaction index (CPTS-RI), child depression inventory (CDI), and screen for child anxiety-related disorders (SCARED) to evaluate their post-COVID-19 infection mental health state. In the study population, the mean age was 13.4 years, and 50.5% were male. Sixty-seven patients were paediatric, and the rest were adolescents. Based on our scaling system, 10% of patients had depression. Forty-one percent of patients had at least one high subscale of SCARED. Forty-four percent of patients’ CPTS-RI was above the normal limit, while 4% had a severe stress reaction level. In the female patient population, SCARED and CPTS-RI were significantly high ( p = 0.01). There was no significant correlation between hospitalization duration and test scores. The CPTS-RI score was significantly higher in the outpatient group than in the other groups ( p = 0.01). The inpatient group had significantly higher social phobia, while the outpatient group had significantly higher school phobia ( p = 0.01 and p = 0.05, respectively). Conclusion : The present study showed that COVID-19 infection is a significant risk factor for psychopathology in children and adolescents. What is Known: • COVID-19 causes multiple physical complications in the body along with significant harmful physiologic mental health effects. After being diagnosed with COVID-19, paediatric and adolescent patients have been engaging in social isolation. • Shutdowns, school closings, minimizing social interaction, and isolating behaviour are some of the measures used to control the pandemic. For kids to develop into healthy individuals, they need social interaction and a safe environment. What is New: • The present study showed that COVID-19 infection is a significant risk factor for childhood and adolescent psychopathology. Based on our scaling system, 10% of patients had depression. Forty-four percent of patients’ CPTS-RI was above the normal limit, while 4% had a severe stress reaction level. In the female patient population, SCARED and CPTS-RI were significantly high. • These patients need to be evaluated and monitored by paediatric and adolescent psychiatry clinics simultaneously with paediatric clinics.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada çocuk ve ergen madde bağımlılığı tedavi merkezine başvuran ergenlerin sosyodemografik, klinik ve madde kullanım özelliklerinin incelenmesi, ayaktan ve yatan hastaların bu özellikler açısından karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: 2018-2019 yılları arasında merkezimize başvuran olgulara ait dosyaların tamamı geriye dönük olarak incelenerek analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 197 hasta (23 kız, 174 erkek) dahil edildi. Yaş ortalaması 16,3±1,1 yıl bulundu. Okula devam etmeme %73,6, düşük akademik başarı %60,4, okulda disiplin cezası %67, kendine zarar verme %48,7, adli öykü %52,8, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu %46,2 bulundu. Ailede madde kullanımı %43,1, ailede suç öyküsü %51,8, ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi düşük bulundu. En sık karışık madde kullanım bozukluğu (%41) tespit edildi. Başlama yaşları sigara (11,3), esrar ve uçucu (13,7), eksztazi ve alkol (14,4), eroin ve sentetik kannabinoid (15) şeklinde bulundu. Ailede ruhsal hastalık, eve gece 23’ten sonra gelme, opiyat kullanım bozukluğu, eroin, metamfetamin, sentetik kannabinoid, uçucu madde, kokain ve pregabalin kullanım öyküsü yatan hastalarda daha yüksek bulundu. Sonuç: Madde kullanım bozukluğu olan ergenlerin sokak yaşantılarının ve suç işleme davranışlarının fazla olduğu, okulla olan bağlarının zayıf olduğu saptanmıştır. Karışık madde kullanımının sık olduğu, esrarın en sık kullanılan madde olduğu, belirlenmiştir. Yatan olguların daha olumsuz sosyodemografik ve klinik faktörlere sahip oldukları gösterildi.

Opioid kullanım bozukluğu olan ergende pregabalin kötüye kullanımıThe pregabalin abuse in adolescent case that opioid using disorder Madde kullanım bozukluğu olan gençler genellikle esrar, ekstazi, amfetamin türevleri, eroin, sedative hipnotikler gibi maddelere bağımlılık geliştirmektedirler. Bununla birlikte medikal hastalıklarda ve psikiyatrik bozuklarda kullanılan bazı reçeteli ilaçların kötüye kullanımı da bildirilmiştir. Özellikle modafinil, venlafaksin, ketiapin, tianeptin, gabapentin ve pregabalin son zamanlarda öne çıkmaktadır. Bir antiepileptik olan pregabalin anksiyete bozukluklarında da kullanılmaktadır. Anksiyolitik ve öforizan etkisi bu ilaca bağımlılık gelişmesinde önemli etkenlerdir. Literatürde pregabalin kötüye kullanımı ile ilgili bir çok olgu sunumu mevcut olup ergen olguya rastlanmamıştır. Bu yazıda opiat kullanım bozukluğu tanısı ile izlenen, ilk esrar kullanımı sonrasında panik atak belirtileri yaşayan ve bu belirtilerle baş etmek için kullandığı pregabalinin yatıştırıcı ve öforizan etkileri nedeniyle bu ilaca bağımlılık geliştiren ergen olgunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Ergen; eroin bağımlılığı; madde kullanımı; pregabalin.Adolescents with substance use disorder often develop dependence on substances such as cannabis, ecstasy, amphetamine derivatives, heroin and sedative hypnotics. However, abuse of certain prescription drugs used in medical diseases and psychiatric disorders has also been reported. Especially modafinil, venlafaxine, quetiapine, tianeptine, gabapentin and pregabalin are prominent in recent years. Pregabalin, an antiepileptic, is also used in anxiety disorders. Anxiolytic and euphoric effects are important factors in the development of addiction to this drug. There are many case reports about pregabalin abuse in the literature and there are no adolescent cases. In this article, we aimed to present an adolescent case who was diagnosed with opiate use disorder, who had symptoms of panic attack after the first cannabis use and who had addictive and euphoric effects due to the sedative and euphoric effects of pregabalin.

Purpose Early puberty signs lead to an increase in anxiety levels of parents and children. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life and anxiety levels of girls and their mothers who were admitted to a pediatric endocrinology clinic with concerns about early puberty.Methods Girls and their mothers who were admitted to endocrinology outpatient clinic with concerns about early puberty were compared to healthy control group. Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-Parent form (SCARED), Quality of Life for Children Scale-parent form (PedsQL) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered to the mothers. Children were evaluated with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (Kiddie-SADS Lifetime Version) (K-SADS-PL).Results The study sample consisted of 92 girls, 62 of them administered to clinic with concerns about early puberty. There were 30 girls in early puberty group (Group 1), 32 girls in the normal development group (Group 2) and 30 were in the healthy control group (Group 3). The anxiety level of Group 1 and Group 2 was significantly higher and their quality of life was significantly lower when compared to Group 3 (p < 0,001). Mother’s anxiety level was found significantly higher in Group 2 (p < 0,001). It has shown that, anxiety level and quality of life of children was associated with anxiety level of mothers and the current Tanner stage (rspearman = 0.302, p < 0.005).CONCLUSION Mothers and children who have concerns about early puberty are negatively affected when early puberty is a possibility. For this reason, educating parents will prevent negative impacts of this situation on children. At the same time, it will decrease health burden.

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Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate consultations received by the child and adolescent psychiatry consultation-liaison unit and identify factors predicting attendance at the outpatient clinic following consultation. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on all consultations requested from the consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) unit at our clinic between August 2021 and March 2022. The files of cases who subsequently attended the recommended outpatient clinic were also examined. Data including age, gender, birth and developmental history, family characteristics, school history, clinical features, and number of consultations were recorded and analyzed. Results: The median age of the sample was 15.1 years (25%: 13.3 – 75%: 16.7). Among the cases, 128 (61.5%) were female and 80 (38.5%) were male. Of the consultations requested, 149 (71.6%) were from emergency services, while 52 (25%) were from inpatient services, with pediatric hematology being the most frequent service. The primary reasons for consultation were suicide attempts (22.1%) and agitation (19.2%). Approximately 26% of cases remained undiagnosed. Major depressive disorder was the most frequently diagnosed condition, accounting for 25.5% of cases. Among the cases recommended for outpatient follow-up at the time of consultation (86% of the total), 53% attended their scheduled appointments. In the predictive model for outpatient attendance, agitation (β=2.11, p&lt;0.05) and suicide attempts (β=0.564, p&lt;0.001) significantly predicted attendance. Conclusion: This study contributes to the existing literature by examining factors influencing the follow-up process. Our findings support the notion that agitation and suicide attempts are associated with increased morbidity. Early detection of high-risk behaviors such as suicide attempts and agitation is believed to reduce psychiatric morbidity and mortality rates, while also improving treatment compliance.

Purpose: Adolescents use substance once and use regularly then they start and quitconsecutively. In addiction treatment, relapse is a major barrier to recovery. Relapse is more common among adolescents and is a major problem. Thus, this study aimed to identify the factors impacting the duration of relapse in adolescents. Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study. A total of 157 adolescents who applied to 4 different child and adolescent addiction treatment centers between January 2020 and March 2020 were included in the study. The "Addiction Profile Survey Adolescent Form" was administered to the participants face-to-face. According to the duration of relapse determined with this form, the cases were analyzed separately as before and after one month. Results: The sample consisted of 122 (71.3%) males and 45 (28.7%) females, with a mean age of 17.1±0.8 years. Cannabis use (p=0.005), late treatment initiation (p=0.001), less psychosocial (p=0.006), outpatient (p=0.003), and inpatient (p=0.001) treatment history were significantly associated with relapse before one month. Cannabis users were approximately 5 times more likely to relapse in less than a month, while ecstasy users were approximately 5 times more likely to relapse over a month (OR=0.26, CI=0.1-0.69), (OR=4.16, CI=1.26-13.78). In the logistic regression analysis performed to determine the factors predicting the duration of relapse, it was found that not attending school (p=0,018) and receiving less inpatient treatment (p=0,019) predicted relapse occurred within one month. Conclusion: This study is considered remarkable in terms of demonstrating the necessity of early interventions and post-treatment care services. Currently, there are very few studies in the literature that investigate the factors that contribute to relapse in addicted adolescents. According to our literature review, no study examined factors affecting relapse duration in adolescents.