The effects of carbon fibre hybridisation on the thermal properties of woven kenaf-reinforced epoxy composites were studied. Woven kenaf hybrid composites of different weave designs of plain and satin and fabric counts of 5×5 and 6×6 were manually prepared by a vacuum infusion technique. A composite made from 100% carbon fibre was served for a comparison purpose. Thermal properties of pure carbon fibre and hybrid composites were determined by using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It was found that a hybrid composite with higher kenaf fibre content (fabric count 6×6) showed better thermal stability while the highest thermal stability was found in the pure carbon fibre composite. The TG and DTG results showed that the amount of residue decreased in the plain-designed hybrid composite compared to the satin-designed hybrid composite. The DSC data revealed that the presence of woven kenaf increased the decomposition temperature.

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In this study, four plied jute, carbon, E-glass fabric-reinforced and their hybridized composites are manufactured. Nine composite laminates with different stacking sequences are manufactured by vacuum infusion technique. In order to understand the structure of the composites, fiber weight and fiber volume ratios in the laminate system are initially figured out. Furthermore, void fractions of samples are calculated by using theoretical and experimental densities of the composite samples to examine the impact of amount of fiber content on the void fraction. The effect of hybridizing jute fabric-reinforced polyester composite with E-glass fabric and carbon fabric and also the effect of stacking sequence of fabric layers on the mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact strength) of composite laminates are investigated. According to the outcomes of this investigation, it is realized that incorporating high impact resistant fibers to the outer layers of the composites leads to higher impact resistance, and placing high tensile strength fibers at the inner layers results in higher tensile strength at the hybrid composite laminates.

The effects of different fabric materials namely weave designs (plain and satin) and fabric counts (5 × 5 and 6 × 6) on the properties of laminated woven kenaf/carbon fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were evaluated. The hybrid composites were fabricated from two types of fabric, i.e., woven kenaf that was made from a yarn of 500tex and carbon fibre, by using vacuum infusion technique and epoxy resin as matrix. The panels were tested for tensile, flexural, and impact strengths. The results have revealed that plain fabric is more suitable than satin fabric for obtaining high tensile and impact strengths. Using a fabric count of 5 × 5 has generated composites that are significantly higher in flexural modulus as compared to 6 × 6 which may be attributed to their structure and design. The scanned electron micrographs of the fractured surfaces of the composites demonstrated that plain woven fabric composites had better adhesion properties than satin woven fabric composites, as indicated by the presence of notably lower amount of fibre pull out.

This paper deals with some of the physical properties of face-to-face woven carpets with different structural parameters. Based on appearance retention, abrasion resistance, and tuft withdrawal tests, effective parameters of carpet quality are determined by variance and regression analyses, and the changing characteristics are emphasized in order to direct attention to weaknesses, which are important for total carpet performance.

We recently reported on a co-occurrence-based method for texture analysis. This paper uses this texture analysis method to examine the development of the texture during hydroentangling as a function process conditions. We report on the development of texture as a function of hydroentangling energy. Energy was varied by controlling the pressure and number of passes. All fabrics were produced using the same web on the same forming belt substrate. Our preliminary data indicate that the degree of texture definition increases as a function of pressure up to a point and then begins to deteriorate.

In this study, various forms of non-woven waste were recycled for the manufacture of composites by the extrusion technique. The performance of the composites, as well as the effect of the reprocessing steps, was investigated with regards to the mechanical and thermal properties. A reinforcement material of polyester non-woven waste in differing forms (cut piece, fiber and particle) and a matrix of polypropylene (PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were used. Performance tests were evaluated based on the type of reinforcement material. Particle form reinforced composites were subjected to reprocessing and tested for their performance. Results indicate that particle type reinforcement maintained better mechanical performance, whereas reinforcements using cut pieces and fibers showed enhanced thermal insulation with lower densities. The effect of the reprocessing of the particle forms has been observed positively on the tensile characteristics, especially up to the second stage.

In this study, the effect of some fabric reinforcement parameters (fabric direction, yarn type and stacking sequence) on the mechanical properties of textile based hybrid composites are analysed by using full factorial experimental design method. The analysis of the results is achieved by using Minitab 17 software program. One factor (fabric reinforcement direction) with two levels (warp direction and weft direction) and two factors (yarn type and stacking sequence) with three levels (jute/glass, jute/carbon, glass/carbon and consecutive, low strength inside, high strength inside) are selected as the reinforcement design. Full factorial experimental design analysis results indicate that, the highest tensile and impact strength values among the experimental design are realised when samples are taken from the warp direction and E-glass/carbon combination is chosen as the yarn (material) type. Moreover, it is verified that while higher tensile strength is achieved by placing higher strength fabrics to the inner layers, higher impact strength is achieved by placing high strength fabrics to the outer layers of hybrid composite structures. Analysis of variance tables also show that at 95% confidence level, the effects of the factors are statistically significant ( p < 0.05).