In this study, four plied jute, carbon, E-glass fabric-reinforced and their hybridized composites are manufactured. Nine composite laminates with different stacking sequences are manufactured by vacuum infusion technique. In order to understand the structure of the composites, fiber weight and fiber volume ratios in the laminate system are initially figured out. Furthermore, void fractions of samples are calculated by using theoretical and experimental densities of the composite samples to examine the impact of amount of fiber content on the void fraction. The effect of hybridizing jute fabric-reinforced polyester composite with E-glass fabric and carbon fabric and also the effect of stacking sequence of fabric layers on the mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact strength) of composite laminates are investigated. According to the outcomes of this investigation, it is realized that incorporating high impact resistant fibers to the outer layers of the composites leads to higher impact resistance, and placing high tensile strength fibers at the inner layers results in higher tensile strength at the hybrid composite laminates.

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In our world, where environmental factors are taken into consideration more and more, the interest in biomaterials leaves its place to the need and this leads the researchers to search for new materials. The aim of this study is to produce an environmentally friendly, sustainable material with the use of a plant oilbased bio-resin (acrylated epoxidized soybean oil). In this context, bio-composites containing different proportions (from 0 to 100 wt%, in 10% increments) of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) and epoxy resin are reinforced with four-ply jute woven fabric and produced by the vacuum infusion method. The bio-composites produced within the scope of the study analyzed physically (fiber weight ratio), mechanically (tensile strength, flexural strength, drop-weight impact resistance, and Charpy impact strength), instrumentally (differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and morphologically (scanning electron microscopy). According to the results, the tensile and flexural strength values of the composites containing more than 30 wt% AESO resin decrease due to the ductility of the structure; subsequently, composites with AESO content above 50 wt% are found to exhibit superior impact resistance. Composites with pure AESO resin absorb 7 J energy which is almost 3 times higher than pure epoxy composites. The maximum tensile strength (63 MPa) of composites are achieved for 30 wt% AESO content indicating the newly formed hydrogen bonding leading to enhanced fiber-matrix interface. The bio-composites designed and produced in the project have been a promising alternative for various end-use areas, from construction elements to the automotive sector and sports equipment, where human health and environmental elements are considered.

The aim of this study is to enhance the fiber-matrix interface of cotton waste reinforced composite panels by a specific chemical treatment. For this purpose, cotton fibers are treated in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with three different concentrations (0.5 M, 1 M, and 1.5 M) and three different soaking times combinations (1 h, 3 h, and 5 h). Mechanical evaluation of treated and untreated reinforcements and composite panels are characterized using tensile test whereas the chemistries of fiber reinforcements are investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and the fiber-matrix interactions are morphologically examined using scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate a remarkable enhancement in mechanical properties of composites via improving the interfacial adhesion and compatibility between fiber and matrix with a significant increase of Young modulus up to 270% for reinforcements and to 70% for composite materials compared to untreated materials.

In this study, the effect of some fabric reinforcement parameters (fabric direction, yarn type and stacking sequence) on the mechanical properties of textile based hybrid composites are analysed by using full factorial experimental design method. The analysis of the results is achieved by using Minitab 17 software program. One factor (fabric reinforcement direction) with two levels (warp direction and weft direction) and two factors (yarn type and stacking sequence) with three levels (jute/glass, jute/carbon, glass/carbon and consecutive, low strength inside, high strength inside) are selected as the reinforcement design. Full factorial experimental design analysis results indicate that, the highest tensile and impact strength values among the experimental design are realised when samples are taken from the warp direction and E-glass/carbon combination is chosen as the yarn (material) type. Moreover, it is verified that while higher tensile strength is achieved by placing higher strength fabrics to the inner layers, higher impact strength is achieved by placing high strength fabrics to the outer layers of hybrid composite structures. Analysis of variance tables also show that at 95% confidence level, the effects of the factors are statistically significant ( p < 0.05).

The aim of this paper is to develop a textile waste-based composite material with adequate mechanical, acoustical, and thermal properties for automotive or construction fields. For this purpose, three recycled nonwoven wastes including cotton, polyester, and cotton/polyester blend are employed and blended in epoxy resin. The manufacturing of the composite panels is performed by vacuum infusion technique. Mechanical, thermal and acoustical tests are conducted to characterize the performances of both nonwoven fabrics and composite panels. Theoretical Young’s moduli of different composites are calculated based on the rule of mixtures in two ways and compared with practical results. Results show that mechanical properties of the manufactured panels are significantly improved compared to pure resin without a notable change in the thermal behavior of the epoxy resin, where composite reinforced cotton nonwoven shows a specific Young’s modulus of 3500 MPa/g·cm−3 and a specific tensile strength of 38 MPa/g·cm−3. These panels have been found to be promising materials to decrease the noise emission and good alternatives to pure epoxy products due to their contribution to reducing the textile wastes in landfills as well as the production costs.

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e-Textiles are structures that have properties such as sensing, actuating, communicating, and generating/storing power. Since e-textile structures may be in contact with skin, it is essential to have low temperatures when they are functioning. In this article, temperatures obtained on the e-textile structures were analyzed by taking into account weave type, linear resistance of conductive yarns, base yarn type, and voltage values using fullfactorial experimental design method. e-Textile structures were designed using different conductive yarns with different linear resistance values in different weave-type configurations. Thermal analysis was carried out under different voltage values to observe temperature variations over the conductive yarns positioned in the fabric structure. It was found that linear resistance of conductive yarns and its interaction with voltage values considerably affect the temperature of the e-textile structures, and the temperature observed over the conductive yarns is directly proportional to the linear resistance of conductive yarns. Additionally, it was observed that plain fabric samples reach lower temperatures than twill and sateen fabric samples. Keywords e-Textiles, thermal analysis, conductive yarn, thermal camera, smart textiles, design of experiment, full-factorial design