International audienceSeveral geophysical techniques (electromagnetic profiling, electrical tomography, seismic refraction tomography, and spontaneous potential and seismic noise measurement) were applied in the investigation of the large gravitational mass movement of Séchilienne. France. The aim of this study was to test the ability of these methods to characterize and delineate the rock mass affected by this complex movement in mica schists, whose lateral and vertical limits are still uncertain. A major observation of this study is that all the zones strongly deformed (previously and at present) by the movement are characterized by high electrical resistivity values (>3 kΩ·m), in contrast to the undisturbed mass, which exhibits resistivity values between a few hundred and 1 kΩ·m. As shown by the surface observations and the seismic results, this resistivity increase is due to a high degree of fracturing associated with the creation of air-filled voids inside the mass. Other geophysical techniques were tested along a horizontal transect through the movement, and an outstanding coherency appeared between the geophysical anomalies and the displacement rate curve. These preliminary results illustrate the benefits of combined geophysical techniques for characterizing the rock mass involved in the movement. Results also suggest that monitoring the evolution of the rock mass movement with time-lapse geophysical surveys could be beneficial
Abstract. -In order to better understand the mechanics and dynamic of landslides, it is of primary interest to image correctly their internal structure and their slip surface. Several active geophysical methods are able to provide the geometry of a given landslide, but were rarely applied in 3 dimensions in the past. The main disadvantages of methods like seismic reflection and electrical tomography are that there are heavy to set up and/or to process, and they consequently are expensive and time consuming. Moreover, in the particular case of soft-rock landslides, their respective sensitivity and resolution are not always adequate to locate the potential slip surfaces. Passive methods may represent an interesting alternative particularly for landslides difficult to access, as they require lighter instrumentation and easier processing tools. Among them, the seismic noise based methods have shown increasing applications and developments, in particular for seismic hazard mapping in urban environment. In this paper, we present seismic noise investigations carried out on two different sites, the "Super Sauze" mudslide and the "Saint Guillaume" translational clayey landslide (France), where independent measurements (geotechnical and geophysical tests) were performed earlier. Our investigations were composed of electrical tomography profiles, seismic profiles for surface-wave inversions, H/V measurements, which are fast and easy to perform in the field, in order to image shear wave contrasts (slip surfaces), and seismic noise array method, which is heavier to apply and interpret, but provides (S)-waves velocity profile versus depth. For both sites, landslide bodies are characterized by lower S wave velocity (Vs < 300 m.s -1 ) and lower resistivity ( < 60 Ohm.m) than in the stable part (Vs > 550 m.s -1 ; > 150 ohm.m). Their thickness vary from a few m to 50 m. Comparison between geophysical investigations and geotechnical data proved the applicability of such passive methods in 3D complex structures, with however some limitations. Caractérisation de glissements de terrain argileux par des méthodes de bruit de fond sismiqueMots clés. -Bruit de fond sismique, Glissement de terrain argileux, Caractérisation in-situ, Géométrie 3DRésumé. -Afin d'identifier les mécanismes de contrôle et de caractériser la dynamique de glissements de terrain, il est impératif d'imager correctement leur structure interne et leur surface de glissement. Plusieurs méthodes de prospection géophysique de proche surface sont utilisables pour identifier la géométrie d'un glissement de terrain, mais leurs potentialités ont été rarement testées en 3D. Les principaux inconvénients de méthodes géophysiques telles que la sismique réflexion ou la tomographie électrique sont la difficulté de mise en oeuvre et/ou la complexité des traitements de données, ce qui les rend chères et consommatrices en temps. De plus, pour le cas particulier de glissements argileux, leur sensibilité et résolution ne sont pas toujours adaptées à la détection des surfaces de glissem...
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