c-Abl is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase that has a role in regulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and contraction. The role of c-Abl in smooth muscle cell migration has not been investigated. In the present study, c-Abl was found in the leading edge of smooth muscle cells. Knockdown of c-Abl by RNA interference attenuated smooth muscle cell motility as evidenced by time-lapse microscopy. Furthermore, the actin-associated proteins cortactin and profilin-1 (Pfn-1) have been implicated in cell migration. In this study, cell adhesion induced cortactin phosphorylation at Tyr-421, an indication of cortactin activation. Phospho-cortactin and Pfn-1 were also found in the cell edge. Pfn-1 directly interacted with cortactin in vitro. Silencing of c-Abl attenuated adhesion-induced cortactin phosphorylation and Pfn-1 localization in the cell edge. To assess the role of cortactin/Pfn-1 coupling, we developed a cell-permeable peptide. Treatment with the peptide inhibited the interaction of cortactin with Pfn-1 without affecting cortactin phosphorylation. Moreover, treatment with the peptide impaired the recruitment of Pfn-1 to the leading edge and cell migration. Finally, β1-integrin was required for the recruitment of c-Abl to the cell edge. Inhibition of actin dynamics impaired the spatial distribution of c-Abl. These results suggest that β1-integrin may recruit c-Abl to the leading cell edge, which may regulate cortactin phosphorylation in response to cell adhesion. Phosphorylated cortactin may facilitate the recruitment of Pfn-1 to the cell edge, which promotes localized actin polymerization, leading edge formation, and cell movement. Conversely, actin dynamics may strengthen the recruitment of c-Abl to the leading edge.
The aim of this article is to design a simple receiver, which can jointly estimate the frequency selective channel impulse response, frequency independent transmit/receive IQ imbalance, and carrier frequency offset with minimal training and implementation complexity. The estimation of carrier frequency offset is performed using 2 scalable solutions. To estimate the frequency selective channel impulse response and frequency independent transmit/receive IQ imbalance, we proposed 2 different estimation techniques. The first technique is an iterative approach stemming from a doubly linear model of the transmission system in the presence of transmit/receive IQ imbalance and frequency selective channel impulse response, while the second approach is a least squares solution. Both these schemes provide a good performance/complexity trade-off. Although the iterative estimates of channel impulse response are not optimal, they do provide a near ideal bit error performance. The proposed scheme blends seamlessly with Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 standard but can be adapted to work with any orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing standard.
KEYWORDSCFO and IQ imbalance estimation, direct conversion devices, multicarrier systems 1 Int J Commun Syst. 2017;30:e3277. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/dac How to cite this article: Ali MA, Sandhu MY, Waqar O, Rahimo AQ. Receiver design for multicarrier transmission systems in presence of Tx/Rx imperfections. Int J Commun Syst. 2017;30:e3277.
and Barbara Zucker School of Medi. RATIONALE: There is limited information on the impact of anaphylaxis, a potentially life threatening allergic reaction, in the elderly. This study explores the factors that contribute to under recognition of anaphylaxis in this age group. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years in NY from 2000-2010 was conducted using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS), a statewide administrative database. Cases were identified using anaphylaxis ICD-9 codes or an ICD-9-based diagnostic algorithm incorporating the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) diagnostic criteria. Cases identified by the algorithm method likely represent missed cases of anaphylaxis. Multinomial regression analysis was used to model selected variables associated with ascertainment method. RESULTS: Of the 3,673 hospitalizations analyzed, anaphylaxis ICD-9 codes identified 1790 (48.7%) cases, the algorithms identified 1701 (46.3.%) and 182 (5.0%) were identified by both. Age ≥85 and 75-84 were 2.4 (95% confidence interval 1.92-2.90) and 1.4 (95% CI 1.25-1.69) times more likely to be in the Algorithm group, respectively. Males were 1.2 times more likely to be included in the Algorithm group (95% CI 1.06-1.41). African Americans, other race and unknown were 1.8 (95% CI 1.52-2.24), 1.4 (95% CI 1.09-1.79) and 1.6 (95% CI 1.10-2.44), times more likely, respectively, to be included in the Algorithm group. Asians were 0.6 times less likely to be included in the Algorithm group (95% CI 0.39-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Being of older age, male and of minority race were associated with increased likelihood of having unrecognized inpatient anaphylaxis.
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