“…Table 1 presents the characteristics of the studies included in the final review. Three case reports included patients (n = 9) without comorbidity [ [17] , [18] , [19] ]; 5 reported on patients (n = 5) with a comorbid condition: one each with agammaglobulinemia [ 20 ], aplastic anemia and severe pancytopenia [ 21 ], acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ 22 ], trisomy 21 with congenital heart disease [ 23 ], and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia [ 24 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Clinical conditions at admission before treatment were severe, including pneumonia [ 20 , 22 , 24 ], respiratory failure [ 17 , 18 ], and (multi)organ failure [ 21 , 23 , 19 ]. Among the additional drug treatments administered during hospital stay, the most frequent was remdesivir (n = 5) [ 20 , 22 , 17 , 23 , 19 ]. Five case reports described the use of CP antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 IgG [ 21 , 17 , 23 , 18 , 24 ], whereas 3 did not [ 20 , 22 , 19 ].…”
“…Table 1 presents the characteristics of the studies included in the final review. Three case reports included patients (n = 9) without comorbidity [ [17] , [18] , [19] ]; 5 reported on patients (n = 5) with a comorbid condition: one each with agammaglobulinemia [ 20 ], aplastic anemia and severe pancytopenia [ 21 ], acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ 22 ], trisomy 21 with congenital heart disease [ 23 ], and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia [ 24 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Clinical conditions at admission before treatment were severe, including pneumonia [ 20 , 22 , 24 ], respiratory failure [ 17 , 18 ], and (multi)organ failure [ 21 , 23 , 19 ]. Among the additional drug treatments administered during hospital stay, the most frequent was remdesivir (n = 5) [ 20 , 22 , 17 , 23 , 19 ]. Five case reports described the use of CP antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 IgG [ 21 , 17 , 23 , 18 , 24 ], whereas 3 did not [ 20 , 22 , 19 ].…”
“…Predominantly antibody deficiencies represent the most common group of primary immunodeficiency diagnoses and reports have shown a wide range of clinical presentations of COVID-19 in these patients but suggest that the adaptive immune system may not be as critical of a defense against SARS-CoV-2 as other aspects of the immune system. 175,177,[182][183][184][185][186][187] Cases of COVID-19 in children with PID are limited. From the international study of patients with PID, 32 of the 94 patients reported were younger than 18 years of age.…”
Section: Clinical Manifestations Among Patients With Primary Immunodementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the few reports describing COVID-19 in adult patients with CVID, X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) and autosomal-recessive agammaglobulinemia (ARA), patients with more severe B cell defects appeared to experience a milder clinical course. 175,177,[182][183][184][187][188][189] Out of the patients described in these reports, there were 10 patients who were asymptomatic (one with ARA, one with XLA, and one with hypogammaglobuinemia). 175,177,[182][183][184][187][188][189] In the international study with 94 PID patients, 26% had mild disease and were treated outpatient and the most commonly reported PID in that group was predominantly antibody deficiency with 14 patients.…”
Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…175 There are also reports of patients with XLA who had COVID-19related pneumonia but not needing mechanical ventilation. 175,177,187 These cases suggest that Bcells are important, but not strictly required to overcome infection.…”
ImportancePatients who are immunocompromised have increased risk for morbidity and mortality associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) because they less frequently mount antibody responses to vaccines. Although neutralizing anti-spike monoclonal-antibody treatment has been widely used to treat COVID-19, evolutions of SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with monoclonal antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants and greater virulence and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, the therapeutic use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma has increased on the presumption that such plasma contains potentially therapeutic antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 that can be passively transferred to the plasma recipient.ObjectiveTo assess the growing number of reports of clinical experiences of patients with COVID-19 who are immunocompromised and treated with specific neutralizing antibodies via COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion.Data SourcesOn August 12, 2022, a systematic search was performed for clinical studies of COVID-19 convalescent plasma use in patients who are immunocompromised.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials, matched cohort studies, and case report or series on COVID-19 convalescent plasma use in patients who are immunocompromised were included. The electronic search yielded 462 unique records, of which 199 were considered for full-text screening.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data were extracted by 3 independent reviewers in duplicate and pooled.Main Outcomes and MeauresThe prespecified end point was all-cause mortality after COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion; exploratory subgroup analyses were performed based on putative factors associated with the potential mortality benefit of convalescent plasma.ResultsThis systematic review and meta-analysis included 3 randomized clinical trials enrolling 1487 participants and 5 controlled studies. Additionally, 125 case series or reports enrolling 265 participants and 13 uncontrolled large case series enrolling 358 participants were included. Separate meta-analyses, using models both stratified and pooled by study type (ie, randomized clinical trials and matched cohort studies), demonstrated that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma was associated with a decrease in mortality compared with the control cohort for the amalgam of both randomized clinical trials and matched cohort studies (risk ratio [RR], 0.63 [95% CI, 0.50-0.79]).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma is associated with mortality benefit for patients who are immunocompromised and have COVID-19.
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