Relationships between the iron metabolism indexes and thyroid homeostasis in children were investigated. For that purpose, 68 healthy children aged 6 to 11 years were examined (35 boys and 33 girls) with adequate iron and iodine supply (n =16), latent sideropenia (n = 16), mild iodine deficiency (n = 18) and combination of latent iron deficiency and mild iodine deficiency (n = 18). We found that in 13% of boys with latent sideropenia, 78% of boys and as many girls with mild iodine deficiency, 90% of boys and 88% of girls with combined iodine and iron deficiency, the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in blood serum ranged from 2.5 to 4.2 mIU/l under the reference data of free triiodothyronine (fT3) and thyroxine (fT4). This observation points for development of minimal thyroid insufficiency (MTI). According to the TSH/fT4 index, MTI was found in 30% of boys and 38% of girls with combined iodine and iron deficiency. These children form the group of risk for development of subclinical hypothyroidism and require mandatory individual correction of MTI by administration of potassium iodide. We found direct moderate correlations between the contents of fT3 and fT4 in serum and the hemoglobin level (Hb) in blood, between the contents of the serum iron and ferritin (r from 0.42 to 0.64). We found also an inverse moderate correlation between the serum TSH content and indexes of iron metabolism (r from –0.56 to –0.61), and a direct moderate correlation between the TSH and total serum iron-binding capacity (r = 0.54). Therefore, iron deficiency can be considered a risk factor for the development of thyroid insufficiency, which requires control of functional capacity of thyroid gland in case of iron depot depletion. The most vulnerable period for the formation of thyroid dysfunction is a prepubertal age regardless of gender. The advisability of determining the indicators of iron metabolism and its correction under conditions of latent sideropenia, mild iodine deficiency and their combination for the prevention of MTI development was justified.
Topicality. Pancreatic hormones play an important role in the process of remodeling of hard periodontal tissues. Violations of carbohydrate metabolism that occur under conditions of isolated insulin resistance (IR) and in combination with iodine deficiency (ID) can be the cause of dysmetabolic disorders of mineralization/demineralization physiological system of tooth-maxillary complex. The aim. To study the changes of remodeling processes of hard periodontal tissues in rats with isolated IR and impaired glucose tolerance against the background of ID. Materials and methods. The examination was carried on 90 male rats, which were divided into three groups: control (intact animals), group of rats with IR under conditions of adequate iodine supply, and with IR against the background of ID. The system of carbohydrate metabolism was studied by the level of insulin in blood serum, glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of blood with the following calculation of HOMA-IR index. The processes of mineralization/demineralization were detected by the content of calcium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, copper in cementum of tooth root and alveolar process, and by the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in blood serum. Results. Keeping of animals on a high-fructose diet led to the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders (increase blood glucose and HbA1c levels, blood serum insulin, HOMA-IR index) and changes of remodeling processes in hard periodontal tissues (decrease the level of calcium, magnesium and manganese against the background of increase the zinc content in cementum of tooth root; decrease the content of macroelements in alveolar process; activation of acid phosphatase against the background of inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity). The development of combined endocrinopathy was accompanied by more pronounced changes of studied parameters. Conclusions. The violation of glucose tolerance against the background of ID slows down the mineralization processes of hard periodontal tissues mainly due to the intensification of osteoresorptive processes. Keywords: acid and alkaline phosphatases; calcium homeostasis; bioelement panel of tooth-maxillary system; insulin resistance; iodine deficiency.
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