Background:
Moringa oleifera kernel oil consist of monounsaturated fatty acid with high
percentage of oleic acid. The oil consist of phytochemicals, bioactive compounds and nutrients that
have several application in health industries. However, the oil degrades on exposure to light, heat and
oxygen overtime. In addition, rancidity cause the oil quality to defect and reduce the shelf-life.
Therefore, microencapsulation techniques are uniquely applied to oil to preserve their native quality
and prolong their shelf life.
Objective:
This study examines different polymer concentrations and injection flowrates of zein nanofiber
from Moringa oleifera kernel oil using coaxial electrospinning method.
Methods:
A 40% w/v zein polymer was the optimal loading concentration and 0.7 mL/hour of zein
polymer with 0.1 mL/hour of Moringa oleifera kernel oil was the optimal injection flowrates for
electrospun nanofiber. Analysis of the Moringa oleifera kernel oil and polymer sample micromorphology,
were investigated with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and transmission
electron microscopy (TEM).
Result:
result shows uniformly layered nanofiber. The nanofiber has no beads formation and the fiber
strands are continuous with no entanglement. The polymer encapsulated the oil efficiently. Furthermore,
thermal analysis through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed consistency in
the nanofiber thermal behavior. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis revealed the weight loss and
thermal dissociation of the polymer structure. The electrospun nanofiber average diameter was 450 ±
24 nm and exhibited hydrophobicity.
Conclusion:
The co-axial electrospine technique was effective in fabricating electrospune nanofibers.
Bio-oil extracted from waste of different plant kernel was used as heat transfer fluid in evacuated tube solar collector. Thermal performance of the biofluids to the enhancement of the evacuated tube solar collector under varying weather conditions and experimental analysis was carried-out. Thermal analysis on the storage water tank temperature, outlet and inlet heat transfer fluid temperature, and heat gains by was studied. In addition, the biofluids thermophysical properties and degradation analysis was conducted and compared with conventional base-fluids. From the results the biofluids caused enhancement of heat gain in the collector receiver by 9.5%, 6.4% and 3.2% for moringa oleifera kernel oil (MOKO), date kernel oil (DKO) and palm kernel oil (PKO), respectively. The storage water tank temperature at night fall was 53, 49, 51 and 47oC, for the MOKO, DKO, PKO and water HTFs, respectively. The biofluids were thermal stable and with no degradation. The biofluids demonstrated potentials as heat transfer fluids in thermal applications but there are needs for more investigations on their enhancement with organically synthesized nano particles to preserve there no corrosive and toxicity nature, and experimental performance on heat exchangers after several heating cycles.
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