Abstract. 1 The problem of crude oil deficit for Ukrainian refineries has been considered. To solve this problem the import of crude from Nigeria has been proposed. Physicochemical properties of Nigerian oils, namely their fractional composition, potential yield of light fractions were investigated and compared with physico-chemical characteristics of Ukrainian crude oils. The possibility of Nigerian oils processing at JSC "Ukrtatnafta" (Ukraine) was grounded.

Production of fuels for aviation engines is one of the developing directions of the oil refining industry. First of all, this is due to the increased number of aircrafts in the world. According to the Forecast International marketing company data, 5835 large air liners and transport planes were built in the world during 2004-2013. Today, according to World Air Fleet data [1], there are about 2,000 airlines in the world which are using 50,000 airplanes. Airlines of the world were transported about 2.5 billion passengers. According to Boeing's data [2], passenger transportation increases annually by 5.1 %, and cargo traffic (expressed in ton-kilometers)-by 5.6 %. According to the analytical site [3], about 875,000 tons of jet fuel are produced and consumed in the world every day. In Ukraine (UPECO consulting company data [4]) the amount of consumed jet fuel is about 300-350 thousand tons per year, the half of which falls on Boryspil State Airport. The quality of jet fuels in comparison with other petroleum products depends to a large extent on the nature of oil and the boiling range of fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation. Fractions of direct distillation are purified in various ways, depending on the oil composition and the quality specifications. All jet fuels are divided into two subgroups: direct and thermostable ones. In each subgroup there are 2-3 grades of fuel of different fractional composition: i) fuels of wide-fractional composition; ii) flammable fuels (naphtha-kerosene); iii) fuels of heavy-fractional (kerosenegasoil) composition with high flash point. The following operational properties of jet fuels are accepted: pumpability, evaporation, flammability, combustibility, deposits formation tendency, compatibility with structural materials, frictional, anti-wear, protective, cooling properties and toxicity. Each operational quality is characterized by a set of physico-chemical indicators of quality. To classify jet fuels it is accepted in the world to use such indices as evaporation (boiling range), flammability (flash point) and pumpability (chilling point). The basic requirements for the fuels quality are formed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Directorate of Engine Research and Development (DERD, UK Ministry of Defense jet fuel specification) and the «CheckList» [1]. Oil is the main raw material for the production of aviation fuel, as well as other types of fuel. Traditionally, jet fuels are produced via direct distillation; as well as via cracking processing. Jet fuels are medium-distillate oil fractions with boiling range of 140-280 °C. [5-8]. Fuel of «TC-1» grade may be virgin (most often it is a fraction of sulfuric oil that boils in the range of 140-250 °С) or mixed. In the latter case, components after hydrofining or demercaptanization, as well as gas fraction after hydrodewaxing can be added to the straight-run fraction of oil. Hydrofining or demercaptanization are used when the total and sour sulfur content ...