The success of the country's economic policy depends on successful combination of the global world trends and national / regional peculiarities of economic development. The implementation of the principles of glocalization to the regional innovation policy is able to overcome the limited local approach and negative global manifestations, thus creating a unique, globally competitive innovative product. In the innovation sphere, processes of glocalization manifest themselves in the complementarity of local factors of innovative development, in particular, the unique innovation environment, human and social capital, with global factors of innovative development. The aim of this work is to explore scientific approaches to ecologization of innovation development, which will determine the direction, peculiarities and nature of the processes of glocalization, and will be their modern accelerator. The research methodology is systematization of approaches to the direction of innovation processes for the development, creation and implementation of innovations in the form of new products, technology, method, form of production organization, etc., which directly or indirectly contributes to reducing the environmentally destructive effects of production and consumption on the environment and solving environmental problems. Results of the research. The final result of ecologization of innovation activity in the region is a positive socio-ecological and economic effect, which ensures balanced sustainable development of the region and the state as a whole. Thus, the modern accelerator of the glocalization of economic processes is the ecologization of innovation development, in the nature of which there are incentives for self-development, reproduction, generation of innovative ideas, production of new technologies, goods and services, ensuring the balancing of the socio-ecological and economic potential of the region and the country as a whole, which determines the direction, peculiarities and nature of the processes of glocalization.
The article presents the results of research devoted to the development of conceptual and methodological bases for determining strategic directions for increasing the gross value added of the high-tech sector of the national economy, in particular, the modern role of high-tech and science-intensive sectors in economic development and the structure of the high-tech sector of the national economy are studied, the state of the high-tech sector of the Ukrainian economy and its gross value added are analysed, the types of economic activity of the high-tech sector are classified into strategic groups, strategic directions for increasing the gross value added of the high-tech sector of the Ukrainian economy are determined. The improved methodological approach to classifying the types of economic activity of the hightech sector into strategic groups provides a differentiated approach to the development and reveals the sources of strategic directions for increasing gross value added. Value added and output were selected as classification criteria, taking into account the dynamics of development. Depending on the value added generated by a particular type of economic activity and its growth rate, all types of economic activity can be divided into four groups: strategic leaders, potential leaders, current leaders, and problem sectors. The proposed methodological approach helps to identify the risks from an inertial scenario, that is, the development of the situation by gravity without an appropriate policy, as well as to determine the strategic directions for implementing a progressive scenario. Systematic development of the high-tech sector is possible if the appropriate policy is formed on the basis of the national innovation system, the elements of which are: state regulation in the field of innovation; supply and demand of innovations; market infrastructure for innovations; human resources. According to these elements, the policy measures aimed at increasing the gross value added of economic activities of the high-tech sector, which have their own characteristics depending on the classification group, are systematized.
Topicality. One of the problems of the state innovation policy in Ukraine is the abolition or suspension of financial privileges for the subjects of innovation activity due to the lack of transparency of the mechanisms of their distribution. However, complete rejection of state financial support o innovation, that is one of the most widespread instruments of innovation policy in the world, does not correspond with the interests of innovative development of the state. As a solution of this problem at the regional level could be the mechanism of financial support for innovative projects on a competitive basis. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop organizational and economic mechanisms of innovative development at the regional level and to discover the source of formation of their financial support. Research results. The article proposes a mechanism for competitive selection of innovative projects to receive funding from local budgets, which, unlike the existing ones, is as transparent as possible, ensures competitiveness among applicants and takes into account the priorities of innovative development of a particular region through the following procedure: the committee for selection of innovative projects is formed on the principles of participatory involvement of representatives of all stakeholders - authorities, business, science, education, community, determines the terms of competition and announces the competition; the competition is open to anyone who has ideas on the announced theme; the selection procedure occurs with maximum transparency and the announcement of the criteria, the selected projects receive funding from the local budget at the expense of the development budget; audit. It is envisaged that economic support for the competitive selection of innovative projects is carried out on the basis of partnerships and financial support from local budgets. The following mechanisms have been proposed: public-private partnership financing through equity participation; granting tax exemptions for other taxes paid to regional budgets; investment-oriented tax benefits, which provide for the exemption from income tax on the financial results of enterprises that are not withdrawn from business and reinvested in innovative projects. Conclusion. Implementation of the proposed mechanisms will ensure transparency of the project selection process, competitiveness among applicants, financial support from different sources and taking into account the priorities of innovative development of a particular region.
Introduction. The development of fish farming in aquaculture in a sustainable way ensures the sustainability of fisheries, which is associated with local problems in each region. Ukraine’s fish production has been falling sharply over the last 30 years, and in 2021 the decline was more than 87 percent in comparison with 1990. In the Ukrainian aquaculture sector, there is a high degree of bureaucracy and risks of corruption, which need to be addressed in order to find a solution for the economy and businessmen. World reports show that Ukraine is among the world's leaders in illegal fishing. Thus, it is highly necessary to implement technologies for sector traceability and transparency, i.e., blockchain. Aim and tasks. The main aim of this article is to research the possible mechanism of implementation of the transparent and efficient system of using the aquatic bioresources of Ukraine. A secondary aim would be to actualize the information regarding the use of blockchain technology in the aquaculture sector. Results. This research shows that Ukraine’s aquacultural sector is going through a crisis, which is being induced by the high level of corruption and poaching. The digitization of the aquaculture supply chain powered by blockchain technology has been proposed. The role of blockchain technologies is revealed through functions such as evidence, tamper-proof, transparency, and decentralization. It was investigated the positive impact of blockchain technology on aquaculture business, such as reduction in bureaucracy, quality assurance, improvement in information exchange, low cost of transactions, improvement in audit performance, easy recall process, product origin verification, and low probability of fraudulent activity. It would greatly reduce the time needed to gather all the documentation essential for work and reporting. The blockchain implementation roadmap has been developed, including the following stages: concept, legislation compliance, limited prototype, final vision, further research and optimization. Conclusions. Blockchain technology fits Ukraine’s economic goals in the long term perspective, such as continued digitalization of the country. Due to the blockchain technology, products of aquaculture would not enter the market unless registered in the unified system. That will influence the reduction of "informal economy" in the sector and the increase of market mechanisms. It will also have a positive influence on food security for the population and economic security for the producers. It will be a precedent for a fully transparent and digitalized field of economy.
Єрмакова О.А. Пріоритети інноваційного розвитку Одеської області. Науково-методична стаття. В статті розвинуто наукові засади визначення пріоритетів інноваційного розвитку регіону, які, на відміну від традиційного секторального підходу, ґрунтуються на функціональній ознаці напрямів розвитку регіональної інноваційної системи, передбачають ідентифікацію актуальних векторів та інструментів інноваційного стратегування розвитку регіону у вертикальному розрізі (локальний / регіональнийнаціональний-глобальний) та у горизонтальному розрізі-між інститутами регіональної інноваційної системи. На основі запропонованого науково-методичного підходу визначено сценарій, стратегічну мету та пріоритети інноваційного розвитку Одеської області. Ключові слова: інноваційний розвиток, пріоритети, Одеська область, регіональна інноваційна система, глокалізація. Iermakova O.A. Priorities of innovative development of the Odessa region. Scientific and methodical article. In the article the scientific base for definition of priorities of innovative development of a region has been developed, that, unlike the traditional sectoral approach, has been build on the functional approach to the regional innovation system development. It provides identification of actual vectors and tools of strategizing of region's innovative development in vertical cutset (local / regional-national-global) and horizontal-between the institutes of a regional innovation system. Based on the proposed scientific and methodical approach the scenario, strategic goal and priorities of the innovative development of the Odessa region have been determined.
Topicality. Under the conditions of the decentralization reforms in Ukraine the communities’ cooperation becomes one of the key tools of their socio-economic development. At the same time, this tool was underused in Ukraine in the sphere of innovation activity. The experience of world in general and Europe in particular showed that the cooperation among territorial and economic systems is efficient in the sphere of innovations and is actively applied by the regions both in the national and cross-border cooperation. Aim and tasks. The elaboration of methodological and applied bases of the realization of innovation vector of economic development and cooperation among territorial and economic systems of Ukraine and elaboration of the classification models of such cooperation in innovation sphere. Research results. The article suggests the methodological, classification, institutional bases of cooperation among territorial and economic systems, implementation of which will facilitate the realization of their innovation potential. The application of the territorial and economic systems as an object of the research allows to approach the studied problem not from the standpoint of administrative- territorial division, that involves the study of inter-municipal cooperation, formation of subregions, agglomerations, conurbations, etc., but from the functional standpoint to explore the inter-territorial innovation process in the context of cooperation within the innovation systems, production clusters, etc. While the issue of the regional innovation systems and clusters formation is well-studied, their formation in the interregional aspect remains topical both in the theoretical and applied aspects for the Ukrainian economy. Conclusion. The methodology of the realization of innovation vector of economic development and cooperation among territorial and economic systems of Ukraine, that is suggested in the research, provides the system approach and determines key orientations of the politics of inter-territorial cooperation activation in the innovation sphere.
The paper investigates the mechanism of operation of European innovation partnerships, which are a new organizational element aimed at creating market opportunities through increased cooperation of stakeholders in the crosssectoral, cross-industrial and inter-territorial contexts. This contradicts the traditional approach to supporting innovation through direct state financing. The European experience of innovation partnerships is valuable for Ukraine due to its effectiveness, systemic nature, scale and institutional support. The author’s experience of creating a Ukrainian-Moldovan cross-border cluster for wine waste processing is used to conduct a comparative analysis of the institutional framework for the creation and operation of European and Ukrainian innovation partnerships. The obtained results determine directions for development, namely creation of national platforms of innovation partnerships in target areas, integration of platforms at various levels (local, regional, national, cross-border, European), establishment of the institute of innovation brokerage and creation of permanent consulting / brokering services in the innovation sector, involvement of sectoral regional programmes and their resources in creating innovation partnerships, and development and adoption of a national concept and programme of building innovation partnerships.
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