Sustainable food principles and requirements established by the European Union are becoming a standard for all foodstuffs available on the EU market, and it should be taken into account by countries exporting agri-food products, such as Ukraine. The aim of this article is to generalize European milestones for defining sustainable foodstuffs, revealing their key differences from ecological/organic products, differentiating products in the carbon footprint level, and substantiating challenges for exports of agri-food products to the EU in terms of positioning their sustainability. The European market features an increasing differentiation of agri-food products in terms of sustainability and ecology, particularly carbon footprint indicators, which are examined in this article. More stringent monitoring of chemical pesticide and antimicrobial residues in products exported to the EU could be a challenge as the use of these products is expected to be reduced by 50% by 2030. This study substantiates the risks for agricultural production and exports in Ukraine caused by the differentiation of agri-food products in their sustainability indicators, enhancement of monitoring the level of residues of pesticides and active ingredients of veterinary drugs in agri-food products, and limitation of agri-food and agricultural raw material exports to the EU because of heavy greenhouse gas emissions during crop cultivation to produce biofuel. This study analyzes the economic growth of agri-food products that will take place only in the case of avoiding the impoverishment of natural resources, which is formalized based on the Robert Higgins’ model. The results of the research can be used for further strategic planning in the field of agricultural production with environmental regulation.
The purpose of this article is to scientifically substantiate methods and develop tools for managingthe competitive potential of enterprises. The main strategies for the development of the baking industry havebeen outlined, namely: for the enterprises with a high level of utilization of competitive potential the mostcost-effective strategy will be adequate; for enterprises with an average level of utilization of competitive potential the integration strategy is recommended; a differentiation strategy is recommended for an enterprisewith low competitive potential. It was emphasized that a niche strategy should be one of the key strategiesfor the development of the industry, providing sustainable competitive advantages. Managing the competitiveedge of the businesses being researched should be related to the product component.
The strategic documents of the state provide for inclusive and green growth aimed at the inclusion of society in the development of the state. It causes the need to highlight the main components of growth and guidelines for their calculation. The international community moved away from using the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a measure of economic development, and started measuring growth by calculating the Inclusive Development Index. The study conducted in the article is concentrated on the main directions of the international community development, which focus on assessment of the mineral resource management as one of the levers of increasing the production efficiency and taxes distribution. This article suggests to improve the rent payments for the minerals extraction through a correction factor, since the Tax Code of Ukraine does not take into account the multifunctionality of the territory where these resources are mined. The coefficient is estimated to vary from 1.25 to 2.0, depending on the polyfunctional characteristics of the mining area. This approach will improve existing methodological recommendations and include such an important area as inclusive green growth in the calculations, as not only the economic indicators of economic activity, but also the environmental feasibility of using the territory where it is carried out will be taken into account.
High growth rates of natural resources consumption in recent years, pollution of the environment contribute to the development of theories regarding the future provision of natural resources on the Earth. Thepurpose of the article is to study the concept of sustainable development and the need for its introductioninto economic activity, definition of ideas influencing the modern concept of the circular economy. The concept of stable development and circular economy is analyzed, common features and differences are defined.It has been established that the circular economy is a prerequisite and driver of the fourth industrial revolution. The basis of the circular economy are closed supply chains. They combine the usual processes of adirect supply chain with reverse logistics processes, ranging from product recovery, disassembly and reuseof individual parts.
Abstract. Over the past century, the rate of globalization has substantially grown due to the increasing impact of transnational companies, development of digital communications systems, integration of new technologies and the increasing need for rapid response to changes by transforming life orientations of society. Establishment of strategic alliances and enlargement of international companies are becoming more relevant in the digital services and informational support sector because of the constant development of technologies and the enhancement of legislation in many countries regarding authors' rights, patenting and intellectual property, which encourages the search for new possibilities of reducing corporate expenses and expanding sales markets and influence. Aim and tasks. The article is aimed at examining key globalization processes in the development of strategic alliances of transnational companies in the period of economy digitalization and providing recommendations for improving ecological and economic situations caused by globalization in developing countries. Results. The article analyzes key risks caused by globalization processes, Ukraine’s current situation and future trends. It analyzes Ukraine’s major transnational companies and their operating strategies, develops an activity scheme of donor countries of transnational corporations and recipient countries that most frequently serve as a financial or resource potential for the company. One has advanced an assessment model of the globalization level in the country, developed the table of globalization effects. Using KOF Globalisation Index, one has made a forecast for the future of Ukraine and other countries, provided recommendations for improving its calculation by putting an index of ecological impact of international companies on the situation in the country and the ecosystem before and after company’s entrance to the national market. Conclusions. Digital globalization processes increase the impact on international markets and establish a separate market of international digital services. Therefore, the establishment of strategic alliances based on digitalization and intelligent technologies enhances the efficiency of activities of transnational companies but requires further advancement of institutional support in the development of regulated rules of conduct on the information market. Following the analysis results, one has found out that the core problem of international companies operating in the territory of developing countries is the irrational use of natural resources. One has proven that, taking into account the level of globalization, it is viable to estimate the ecological impact of international companies on the ecosystem state in the given country, examine changes caused by globalization processes in natural systems as a result of social and political globalization changes in order to protect the economy and natural resources from the irrational use.
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