Násilie a neľudskosť ruskej vojny na Ukrajine definitívne ukončili falošný pocit bezpečia, ktorý Európa zažívala od juhoslovanských vojen. Udržiavanie priateľského dialógu s ľuďmi na celom svete je teraz dôležitejšie ako kedykoľvek predtým, aby sa zabránilo ďalším tragédiám. Preklad vo všetkých jeho podobách je kľúčový pre sprostredkovanie vzájomného porozumenia, ktoré je nevyhnutné, ak chceme ďalším generáciám odovzdať planétu v obývateľnom stave. Okrem iných disciplín sa práve translatológia čoraz aktívnejšie zaoberá najzložitejšími problémami našej planéty. Odkedy sú informačné toky priamo závislé od polohy na geopolitickej mape a podliehajú trhovým pravidlám, mnohé dôležité štúdiá uskutočňované mimo hlavných centier zostávajú napriek významným výsledkom a motivácii vedeckej obce v medzinárodnej akademickej sfére neznáme. Vďaka vedeckým osobnostiam, ktoré prispeli do tejto kolektívnej publikácie, sa translatológia na Ukrajine a excelentný výskum, ktorý sa na jej univerzitách realizuje v súčasnosti aj v minulosti, väčšmi zviditeľnili. Tento zborník obsahuje príspevky z konferencie Translation Studies in Ukraine as an Integral Part of the European Context, ktorá sa konala 12. – 13. mája 2022 v Bratislave, a je rozdelený do piatich tematických častí: Myšlienky a úvahy; O historickej spravodlivosti v translatológii; O metodologických aspektoch prekladu; O lingvistických aspektoch prekladu; O traume a manipulácii.
This article studies the situation of contact between European and Japanese cultures and the image of Japan created in the classical work of Russian literature Frigate “Pallada” (1858) by I. Goncharov and in the novel The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet (2010) by David Mitchell, a contemporary British writer. The books were written during different periods of time, but they describe the same historical period and similar events; they both have documentary foundation. Special attention is paid to translators as characters of the books who play an important role in the plot development and provide intercultural communication. The research methodology combines methods of comparative literary criticism with a post-colonial approach, E. Said’s ideas about orientalism and ethnocentrism in particular. Comparative analysis of the two books demonstrates that the image of Japan created by the two writers has a number of similar features, which confirms its objective nature. Conversely, the authors’ perspectives and points of view of Japan differ drastically. The Russian writer looks at the Japanese down and from the outside; he considers “strangeness” and “childishness” to be their national features. Goncharov’s Eurocentric position is explained by several reasons: his knowledge of Japan was external, he was a civil servant, who cared mostly about the interests of Russia, and he represented an influential group of Eurocentric intelligentsia. D. Mitchell’s knowledge of Japan and its culture is deep and internal due to his biography. The English writer creates a bicultural novel in which the European and the Japanese worlds are equally significant. Thus, in the novel, the author offers a modern point of view on the world order and intercultural communication.
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