Leptospirosis is a dangerous zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic bacteria Spirochaetales of the genus Leptospira. To detect antibodies against Leptospira hardjo in the blood serum from 50 heads of vaccinated cattle and 40 heads of unvaccinated cattle, a comparative study was conducted using the methods of МАТ, ELISA and IHA. During the study of unvaccinated cattle, the coincidence between serological methods was 95 %, the tests are identical in specificity and sensitivity. Among vaccinated cattle in the MAТ with Leptospira Hardjo, 70 % of positive results were obtained, 58 % in IHA and 42 % in ELISA, a suspicious result was obtained in 4 % in ELISA and 9.5% in IHA. Suspicious animals in ELISA and IHA reacted in MAТ no higher than titer 1/100. Any of the presented methods of serological diagnostics is suitable for the control of this pathogen. But for a correct diagnosis, the history of vaccination of animals should be taken into account.
For the serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle in veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation, one or several tests are used simultaneously. The sensitivity and specificity of the determination of antibodies to the pathogens of this disease using various methods varies significantly, none of the serological tests is suitable for all stages of the infectious process in brucellosis. ELISA is a modern serological test that has not found wide application in the state veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation, although the number of studies conducted by this method increases annually. The use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay makes it possible to confirm the diagnosis of brucellosis at all stages of the infectious process and to identify more seropositive animals than classical serological methods. Among serological methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (hereinafter referred to as ELISA) is the most sensitive, specific and easy-to-perform test. In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated 08.09.2020 No. 533 «On approval of Veterinary rules for the implementation of preventive, diagnostic, restrictive and other measures, the establishment and cancellation of quarantine and other restrictions aimed at preventing the spread and elimination of foci of brucellosis (including infectious epididymitis of sheep)» the ELISA method is one of the confirmatory in the diagnosis of brucellosis. The data obtained as a result of the studies indicates that the results of ELISA coincide with the complex of classical serological methods (BRS – Bengal roses sample; AR – agglutination reaction; CFR – complement fixation reaction; RIH – reaction of indirect hemaggtination; IDR – immunodiffusion reaction) and a higher diagnostic sensitivity of the test.
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