Lacrimation is one of the most common symptoms in ophthalmic practice. Most patients first visit an ophthalmologist, but the otorhinolaryngologist also plays an important role in determining the etiology of the disease and in the choice of management for such patients. This review presents a literature search that addresses the diagnosis and treatment of patients with epiphora. Identifying the cause of lacrimation is the main factor in making the correct diagnosis and choosing the optimal treatment method. Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy is of particular importance. The multidisciplinary approach of the ophthalmologist and otorhinolaryngologist allows for the success of the epiphora treatment.
The article presents a literature review of the problem of intracranial and orbital rhinosinusitis complications. The modern classification of rhinosinusitis according to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps – 2020 is presented. The possible complications of acute and exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases, the features of development associated with the topographical and anatomical localization in the facial and cerebral skull region. The advantages of paranasal sinuses computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of pathological processes, especially in cases of complicated forms of rhinosinusitis, are described. Also, a clinical example of the orbital abscess development, its diagnosis difficulties, and the choice of a surgical treatment algorithm are presented. In conclusion, recommendations for practicing ENT surgeons are presented, reflecting the key points of diagnosis and treatment of complicated forms of rhinosinusitis.
In 5% of cases in the nasopharynx of an adult can be found a neoplasm with benign or malignant nature. Clinical manifestations of such pathology are next: persistent dysfunction of the auditory tubes, nasalness and postnasal drip syndrome. Endoscopy of the nasopharynx, computed tomography of the sinuses and magnetic resonance imaging of the head are the main diagnostic criteria for detecting neoplasms in this area. The tactics of treatment depends on the dysplasia type of the pathological process and varies from endoscopic one-stage resection to chemoradiation treatment. Using the example of two clinical cases, we will consider an algorithm for diagnosis and treatment the patients.
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