The most important requirement for today’s general education is the cultivation of humane and tolerant personality of the information society with well-developed business skills, which will allow him or her to successfully integrate into the complex social environment and act not only as a consumer but also as a producer, executive, leader, who can perform various social roles and determine the effectiveness and quality of his or her activities. The research aims to theoretically justify and experimentally verify the methodology for developing business skills in high school students using project activities. General education schools served as experimental facilities. The analysis of the experiment’s results took into account the number of group participants, as well as sampling representativeness (225 high school students aged between 14 and 17 in each group experimental and control). High school students’ understanding of the need for well-developed business skills is enhanced due to such forms and methods as reading biographies of prominent businessmen from all over the world; role-playing situations; meetings with people who have succeeded in economic, entrepreneurial, pedagogical and other fields; visits to companies, enterprises, cultural and scientific institutions; certain business games (“How can one live within one’s means?”, “Starting a business”, “Business communication”, “Manager’s working week”), conversations on such topics as “Is it difficult to be a businessman?”, “How can one succeed in learning?”, “Tell me about myself”; the “this is my opinion” student platform; participation in the youth forum of student organizations, an insight into business sites. The following diagnostic methods were used to identify the development level of certain business skills: the method called “Determining a self-focus” needed to identify business focus; the method called “Striving for achievements” needed to identify a striving for success; relevant tasks used to identify the level of key competencies; questionnaires about creativity; the communication and organization skills methodology needed to assess respective skills; methods for studying the level of subjective locus of control needed to assess responsibility; methods for identifying risk preparedness; the scale of reactive (situational) and personal anxiety needed to identify the level of self-control; the tolerance index questionnaire. The obtained results show that the number of high school students with a high level of business skills has increased by 12.8% in EG and only by 1.3 in CG. The number of high school students with an average level of business skills has increased by 3.8% in EG and by 0.6 in CG. Therefore, the comparison of EG and CG results proves the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for developing business skills in high school students using project activities.
The implementation of reforms in education for children with cognitive development disorders requires that the historical aspect of the educational process should be reconsidered and scientifically justified, as well as the accomplishments of Ukrainian defectology should be creatively used. The relevance of the research lies in the need to overcome the fragmentarity of historical and pedagogical knowledge about the creation and development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine to justify and determine its characteristics and roles in modern correctional pedagogy. The research aims to identify the prerequisites for the emergence and the features of such processes as the creation and development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine in the period under study, as well as to highlight the scientific and practical value of the available accomplishments in the field to further improve such books for these children under modern conditions. Research methods include theoretical analysis; synthesis; comparison; systematization and classification of data from archival sources; historical-and-genetic, comparative, chronological, biographical methods; periodization; retrospective analysis. The research identifies and justifies the stages in the development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine, whose sequence is related to the development and reforms in the special education system, the elaboration of concepts, theoretical and methodological principles of education of children with cognitive development disorders, as well as the changes in organizational-and-pedagogical and scientific-and-pedagogical aspects. The research concludes that Ukrainian researchers and practicians regularly work on the improvement of textbooks' content.
The development of the Ukrainian democratic state requires the creation of a qualitatively new national education system in order to ensure revival of intellectual and spiritual potential of the Ukrainian people. Teacher’s personality formation in this aspect is a complex multifaceted process. Education is one of the main problems of theory and practice of pedagogical education. Pedagogical activity in the field of pupils’ physical education is a specific form of activity aimed at the realization by elementary school teacher as constructive, communicative, organizational and cognitive functions of his professional activity. Elementary school teacher’s pedagogical work is characterized by a variety of professional responsibilities, which every teacher must be able to perform in a qualified manner. It demands from a teacher of high focus on the qualitative solution of pedagogical tasks (improving, educational, and educative) in physical education of pupils and also ethical communication with pupils, colleagues on service, parents of pupils. Pedagogical work of physical culture teacher at elementary school in consists in ability to realize aims, to unleash tasks on physical education of pupils. General and aged tasks of physical education are highlighted. General tasks of physical education, such as "strengthening of pupils’ health", "versatile physical development" "hardening of pupils" pass through the whole process of physical education from the 1st to the 4th grade. Pedagogical technology of elementary school teacher reflects tactics of implementation for educational technologies, is based on knowledge of the regularities of functioning the system "teacher - environment - student" in certain conditions of study (individual, group, collective, mass, etc.). Common features and patterns of implementation for the educational process regardless of the specific educational discipline is inherent it. A teacher turns into a public figure responsible for each student during all years of his work at school, having realized the main directions of professional work - study, upbringing and development of pupils, ensuring diverse physical development of a child.
La novedad científica de la investigación es causada por la transición en el aprendizaje de la "cultura del conocimiento" a la "cultura de la navegación", que requiere redefinir las bases y principios de la actividad educativa controlada en favor de la educación como un espacio de libertad. El objetivo del artículo es analizar las oportunidades y los riesgos del uso de tecnologías de red para garantizar la calidad de la educación moderna. Se ha demostrado que la actividad educativa en la red se presenta como una actividad de comunicación creativa que está conectada no solo con la transferencia de lo conocido, sino también con la producción de nuevos conocimientos. Se han revelado los riesgos del uso de las tecnologías de red en la actividad educativa.
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