Electromagnetic pollution of the environment has become a significant environmental factor. The intensity of technogenic electromagnetic fields far exceeds the background indicators to which organisms have adapted in the course of evolution, in particular by their biorhythms. Much data on the biological effects of lowintensity (non-thermal) extremely high-frequency electromagnetic fields (EHF-EMF) at different levels of the organization has been accumulated. There are many possible explanations for these impacts, but the mechanism of action is not established. The purpose of this work is to analyze the negative effects of the use of non-thermal coherent electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies. In particular, the use of microwave therapy is considered. A review of reports on the harmful effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic and magnetic fields among the population and professional groups has been made; the presence of the problem of hypersensitivity to such fields was shown. Information on the development of the direction of study of the resonant biological influence of EHF-EMF by Ukrainian specialists was provided. Particular attention is paid to the use of non-thermal microwaves for physiotherapy procedures, pain relief, correction of psycho-emotional disorders, ulcer healing, in particular stomach and duodenum, etc. It is noted that the so-called "therapeutic" frequencies of EHF-EMF, even if controlled, can cause negative effects, although they are not perceived as damaging. Changes in objective vital signs in the case of targeted exposure by low-intensity millimeter-wave radiation, namely, hemodynamics, temperature increase in the exposure zone, muscle activity, and the speed of the passage of a nerve impulse, an encephalogram were established. Precautionary recommendations based on the scientific and practical experience of using microwave acupuncture methods in the conditions of medical institutions are formulated. The synergistic effect of various influences, in particular electromagnetic fields, may not be a direct trigger of the disease, but a factor of not compensated stress. Therefore, clinical studies conducted many years ago cannot simply be dismissed on the grounds that the millimeter radiation penetrates only the outer layer of the skin. Skin cells can also secrete mediators that cause changes in ionic calcium channels and the level of calcium in the cells. The interest in these works is justified by the fact that currently the sources of monochromatic millimeter radiation will be spread with new communication systems. The risks of their biological action should be taken into account when emitters are installed.
Background. Development of methods of the targeted delivery of drugs in the nanocarriers with magnetic nanomaterials under the control of the magnetic field, industrial application of magnetically sensitive yeast, study of the viability and preservation of the biological activity of immobilized cells and the influence of various factors on the stabilization of these systems. Objective. The aim of the work was to research the shape of yeast cells attached on the surface of silicon under influence of static magnetic field. Methods. Cell suspension of 1-day's culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in distilled water was inflicted on the surface of monocrystalline silicon plates of different types of conductivity. The cell pictures were observed under a microscope in reflected light after free drying in the air and storage samples in different modes. Results. The results of experiments showed that in control samples irreversible destruction of the attached cells took place after 7 days of storage. If drying of cells occurred under the influence of static magnetic field during 10-97 days, the yeast cells looked intact. Even after stopping of magnetic field action, they saved practically an unchanging shape during more than two years in the ordinary terms of storage. Conclusions. The rational mode of stabilization for shape of yeast cells on the surface of silicon was determined due to the influence of a magnetic field by induction of 0.17 T without introducing additional substances. The possible mechanism of enhancement of adhesion associated with the gettering of positively charged impurities on the surface of silicon and the increase of the electric potential under the action of a magnetic field was considered. The method of stabilization of cells, which are attached to the surface of the silicon in a magnetic field, may be useful in the manufacture of biochips with immobilized cells.
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