Biological Risks of Using Non-Thermal Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Fields

Abstract

Electromagnetic pollution of the environment has become a significant environmental factor. The intensity of technogenic electromagnetic fields far exceeds the background indicators to which organisms have adapted in the course of evolution, in particular by their biorhythms. Much data on the biological effects of lowintensity (non-thermal) extremely high-frequency electromagnetic fields (EHF-EMF) at different levels of the organization has been accumulated. There are many possible explanations for these impacts, but the mechanism of action is not established. The purpose of this work is to analyze the negative effects of the use of non-thermal coherent electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies. In particular, the use of microwave therapy is considered. A review of reports on the harmful effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic and magnetic fields among the population and professional groups has been made; the presence of the problem of hypersensitivity to such fields was shown. Information on the development of the direction of study of the resonant biological influence of EHF-EMF by Ukrainian specialists was provided. Particular attention is paid to the use of non-thermal microwaves for physiotherapy procedures, pain relief, correction of psycho-emotional disorders, ulcer healing, in particular stomach and duodenum, etc. It is noted that the so-called "therapeutic" frequencies of EHF-EMF, even if controlled, can cause negative effects, although they are not perceived as damaging. Changes in objective vital signs in the case of targeted exposure by low-intensity millimeter-wave radiation, namely, hemodynamics, temperature increase in the exposure zone, muscle activity, and the speed of the passage of a nerve impulse, an encephalogram were established. Precautionary recommendations based on the scientific and practical experience of using microwave acupuncture methods in the conditions of medical institutions are formulated. The synergistic effect of various influences, in particular electromagnetic fields, may not be a direct trigger of the disease, but a factor of not compensated stress. Therefore, clinical studies conducted many years ago cannot simply be dismissed on the grounds that the millimeter radiation penetrates only the outer layer of the skin. Skin cells can also secrete mediators that cause changes in ionic calcium channels and the level of calcium in the cells. The interest in these works is justified by the fact that currently the sources of monochromatic millimeter radiation will be spread with new communication systems. The risks of their biological action should be taken into account when emitters are installed.

The protective effect of melatonin on radiofrequency electromagnetic fields of mobile phone‐induced testicular damage in an experimental mouse model

“…On the other hand, approximately 48.5 million couples suffer from infertility, and 20 to 30 per cent of them are due to male infertility without any known cause (Agarwal, Mulgund, Hamada, & Chyatte, 2015). Some studies confirmed that the nonthermal mechanism is the cause of the destructive effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF‐EMR) (Nizhelska, Marynchenko, & Piasetskyi, 2020), such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to lipid peroxidation and induction of oxidative stress (Oyewopo, Olaniyi, Oyewopo, & Jimoh, 2017) and apoptosis (Li et al., 2020). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a final lipid peroxidation product that has toxic effects on tissues such as the kidney, liver, blood, heart, brain and spermatozoa after exposure to EMR (Adebayo, Adeeyo, Ogundiran, & Olabisi, 2019; Berköz et al., 2018).…”

Microwave Radiation Influence on Dairy Waste Anaerobic Digestion in a Multi-Section Hybrid Anaerobic Reactor (M-SHAR)

“…The experiments revealed a linear correlation between higher OLRs and daily biogas production, the latter of which fell below 300 dm 3 •kgCODremoved −1 •d −1 in series 5 (Figure 7). Statistically significant differences in the biogas production coefficient were only found at OLR = 15 gCOD•dm Literature reports indicate that living organisms exposed to the unique environment of electromagnetic microwave fields are subject to various non-thermal effects [56,57]. showed that Methanosarcina barkeri DS-804 exposed to microwave radiation had higher colony counts and cell sizes.…”

“…production was quite stable and close to 317 dm 3 biogas•d −1 , regardless of the M-SHAR heating used (Figure 6). Literature reports indicate that living organisms exposed to the unique environment of electromagnetic microwave fields are subject to various non-thermal effects [56,57]. showed that Methanosarcina barkeri DS-804 exposed to microwave radiation had higher colony counts and cell sizes.…”

“…Statistically significant differences in the biogas production coefficient were only found at OLR = 15 gCOD•dm production was quite stable and close to 317 dm 3 biogas•d −1 , regardless of the M-SHAR heating used (Figure 6). Literature reports indicate that living organisms exposed to the unique environment of electromagnetic microwave fields are subject to various non-thermal effects [56,57] Banik et al (2003) showed that Methanosarcina barkeri DS-804 exposed to microwave radiation had higher colony counts and cell sizes. The experiment used a pure culture exposed to microwave at frequencies between 13.5 and 36.5 GHz for 2.0 h. The composition of the biogas produced by a pure Methanosarcina barkeri DS-804 culture changed depending on the microwave frequency.…”

5G Radiation and Potential Risks to the Environment and Human Health

“…In places, Birds and other species saturated with "non-ionizing" 4G radiation are vanishing. The dreadful manmade frequencies that emanate from our machines destroy innocent lives, literally, beings or allowing them to escape en masse [9]. Humanity next is it.…”