The results of the effect of feeding the chelated form of Zinc on the safety, productivity and slaughter parameters of broiler chickens are presented. The aim of this study was to determine the safety, productivity and slaughter parameters of broilers on the background of feeding chelated form of Zinc. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted during 2020 on broiler chickens cross Cobb-500 in the vivarium of the Veterinary Faculty of Sumy National Agrarian University (Ukraine), divided into two groups on the principle of analogues (control and experimental) of 50 broilers each. The source of zinc for chickens in the control group was their sulfates. Chelated forms of Zinc were used for broiler chickens of the experimental group. All groups of broiler chickens were administered the compound with compound feed in a dose that corresponded to the daily requirement of the bird in this trace element. The duration of the experiment is 42 days. The growth and development of broilers were evaluated on the basis of determining the relevant zootechnical indicators. Live weight of birds was determined by individual weighing on scales of the VNC type with an accuracy of ±1 g at the age of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. Both scientific and economic experiments also determined the preservation of livestock - daily by the number of culled and dead birds. Feed consumption was recorded daily, for each week of cultivation and for the entire period of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the cost of feed per 1 kg of live gained weight was calculated. Results. According to the results of the conducted researches, it was established that feeding of the chelated form of Zinc probably increased both the average daily gain and the total live weight of broiler chickens at different age periods of rearing. The live weight of chickens at the beginning of the experiment was almost the same, but at 7 days of age it tended to increase in chickens of the experimental group, although a significant difference between groups in this indicator was not found. It was found that the weight of uneviscerated, semi-eviscerated and eviscerated chicken in poultry of the experimental group was greater than similar indicators in the young animals of the control group by 9.3, 9.2, and 9.8 %, and this difference was significant (p<0.01). The yield of semi-eviscerated carcasses was higher in ones of the experimental group (84.19 %), and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusions. It was found that the live weight of chickens of the experimental group (consumption of feed with a chelated form of Zinc) prevailed at 7 days of age by 1.1 g; on the 14th day – on 22.1 g (p<0.01); at 21 days – 35.4 g (p<0.01); at 28 days – 94.5 g (p<0.05); at 35 days – 133.6 g (p<0.01); at 42 days – at 218.9 g (p<0.05). Preservation of young animals in the experimental group, which used chelated compounds of Zinc, was higher and amounted to 96 %, compared with the control – 92 %. By age, feed costs per unit weight gain were lower in the experiment, respectively: 0.05; 0.08; 0.12; 0.06; 0.07 and 0.05 kg, compared to the control group. Growing broiler chickens on compound feed with a chelated form of Zinc by 9.8 % (p<0.01) increases the weight of the eviscerated carcass.
At present, the current direction in poultry farming is the development of methods for raising poultry without the use of antibiotics to overcome antibiotic resistance. For this purpose, it is recommended to use mineral supplements of chelated forms of microelements of zinc, copper, and manganese in poultry diets. Chelated minerals are characterised by better digestibility during intensive broiler farming, which limits the use of minerals and reduces environmental pollution. The purpose of the study was to examine the quality of meat of broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross, provided that chelated forms of zinc, copper, and manganese are included in the diet. Experimental studies were conducted in 2021 on broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross. Two groups of 20 heads of poultry were formed to examine the chemical composition of meat. Poultry of the control group received a basic diet with zinc, copper, and manganese sulfates, and poultry of the experimental group – enriched with chelated compounds of these microelements. The addition of chelated compounds of zinc, copper, and manganese to the diet of broiler chickens leads to an increase in the amount of fat, calcium and zinc in white muscles by 69.6, 24.6% and 1.4 times, and in red muscles-by 41.1, 30.9% and 3.4 times, respectively. The content of copper and manganese increases by 48.0 and 95.5% in red muscles and by 28.1 and 15.2% in white muscles compared to the control group. Therewith, there is a decrease in the relative content of essential amino acids by 1.1-1.3% and an increase in non-essential amino acids by 2.6-2.7%. According to the overall assessment of organoleptic parameters of broiler chickens fed zinc, copper, and manganese chelates, the sum of points was 2.0 points higher in the femoral muscles and 1.5 points higher in the pectoral muscles. In addition, according to the tasting assessment of meat from the thigh muscles of broiler chickens, more points were obtained in terms of tenderness by 10.0%, taste by 12.2%, and aroma by 13.2%. According to the tasting assessment of meat from the pectoral muscles of broiler chickens, more points were obtained in terms of tenderness by 18.9% and aroma by 10.3%. According to the reaction with copper sulfate, the content of ammonium and ammonia salts, broiler chicken meat was fresh and obtained from healthy poultry. As a result of organoleptic, physico-chemical, and biochemical studies of broiler chicken meat under the conditions of adding microelement chelates to the diet, it was established that it belongs to fresh and high-quality for consumption. These studies argue for the use of chelated compounds of microelements in poultry farming and contribute to their further introduction into production.
Протягом останнього десятиліття використання біодобавок у харчуванні людини стало досить популярно, на теперішній час це також відбувається і в харчуванні домашніх тварин, а саме застосування біодобавок в раціонах собак та кішок зустрічається досить часто як у всьому світі, так і в Україні. Але використання біологічних добавок в раціонах домашніх тварин має і багато суперечок, є сумніви що використання біодобавок в раціонах тварин компаньйонів має взагалі сенс, а також є результати досліджень що відображають навіть шкоду від неправильного застосування. І також ще й досі існує твердження серед власників тварин, що кішка як облігатний хижак харчується м’ясом і ніякої іншої їжі (наприклад рослинної) не потребує. Багато власників котів взагалі годують своїх улюбленців тільки м’ясом, рибою та молоком. Вже існує багато досліджень, що таке харчування не тільки не корисне, а ще й небезпечне для тварини. Будь-який хижак, і зокрема, кішка, потребує вуглеводів, вітамінів, мінеральних речовин, жирних кислот та інших компонентів рослинної їжі. Харчування кішок обов’язково повинно бути збалансованим, надходження до іх організму з їжею чотирьох особливо важливих компонентів: білків, жирів, вуглеводів, вітамінів та мікроелементів є вкрай необхідним і нестача чи надлишок будь-якого з них призводить до порушення обміну речовин і спричиняє величезну шкоду здоров’ю. Ще одним з цікавих питань є використання саме пробіотиків та пребіотиків, іх вплив на імунну систему тварин, навкруги доцільності та корисності іх застосування тваринам компаньйонам, а саме котам існує багато дискусій. Після опрацювання великої кількості досліджень, можна зазначити, що використання біодобавок для харчування тварин компаньйонів має свій важливий потенціал, але все ж таки саме ветеринарний лікар повинен вибрати оптимальну дієту із застосуванням відповідних біодобавок і для цього лікар повинен зібрати дієтологічний анамнез. Саме лікар ветеринарної медицини повинен допомогти власникові домашніх тварин зорієнтуватися на ринку біодобавок, призначених для особливих поживних цілей і вибрати найбільш оптимальні з них для своїх домашніх улюбленців.
The paper considers the use of chelated forms of micronutrients for feeding broilers. The study aims to investigate the chemical composition of broiler meat in the case of broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross, provided Zn, Cu, and Mn chelated forms are supplied to the diet. Experimental studies were conducted in 2020 on broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross. Two groups of 20 birds were formed to study the chemical composition of poultry meat. The birds of the control group received an essential diet supplied with sulfates of Zn, Cu, and Mn. The birds of the experimental group received a diet enriched with chelated compounds of Zn, Cu, and Mn. The study has shown that introducing Zn, Cu, and Mn chelated compounds into the diet of broiler chickens has no adverse effect on the chemical composition of meat. It has also been determined that the meat of broilers eating feed supplied with chelated micronutrients contains significantly less cholesterin but more Ca, Zn, Cu, and Mn, and several essential amino acids. These indicators prove an increase in the health benefits of chicken meat.
При проведенні клінічних випробувань вакцини «Мастивак», корови були розділені на дві групи за принципом аналогів по 10 голів у кожній. Вакцину вводили підшкірно в ділянці середньої ділянки шиї в дозі 5 см3. Корови першої групи вакциновані двократно з інтервалом 15 днів. Корови другої групи вакцинації не піддавались. За коровами вели щоденне клінічне спостереження та щотижневе дослідження зразків молока. У корів другої групи (не вакцинована) були виявлені дві тварини з клінічними ознаками маститу та чотири тварини з ознаками субклінічного маститу. При дослідженні молока корів виявили, що у корів другої групи знижені показники якості молока – клас забрудненості молока 1, 2 та 3 в той час як молоко корів першої групи відповідає вищому класу.
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