This study contributes to the literature on financial security by highlighting the relevance of the perceptions and resulting professional judgment of stakeholders. Assessing a company’s financial security using only economic indicators—as suggested in the existing literature—would be inaccurate when undertaking a comprehensive study of financial security. Specifically, indices and indicators based on financial or managerial reporting calculated at any particular point in time, provide only a superficial understanding—and may even distort the overall picture. It has also been suggested that expert assessment is the most objective method, although it has disadvantages related to individual cognitive limitations. These limitations are not particular to artificial intelligence, which could assess an enterprise’s financial security in a less biased way. However, by only imitating human behavior, it is not able to perceive and evaluate with intuition the dynamics of the company’s development and holistically assess the financial condition—despite the possibility of learning and forecasting—because artificial intelligence is not able to think and predict, which, in an enterprise, is the most important skill of a manager. Therefore, the risk of developing artificial intelligence to assess a firm’s financial security lies in a biased assessment of the enterprise’s activities in general—and its financial security in particular.
The implementation of the tasks of evaluating historical financial information, the control or audit of business activities are based primarily on professional judgments about the object of study of a professional accountant or auditor. Their findings are drawn on the review of documents, the use of audit evidence, risk assessment, etc. There is always a probability (and rather high) that professional judgment will be based on incomplete information (since the dynamics of information changes is extremely high today), on the misstatements (since it is impossible to trace all the changes in knowledge related to the object of study), regardless of the quality of the performance of these individuals. In addition, the auditor often takes subjective decisions (for example, when choosing individual elements for the assessment from the general population), which also affects the degree of objectivity of his assessments. Artificial intelligence is the tool that could handle the entire set of knowledge, track all changes in the significant and important information, as well as in the insignificant and unimportant (which, however, also has an effect on the object of analysis). It does not have a work schedule or other restrictions on the time of work, so the comparison and analysis of information can be carried out around the clock, and the speed of data processing is determined by the processing power of the information systems, on which it operates, and is stably high. In this case, the artificial intelligence is ready to perform the tasks non-stop in real time till receiving the command of the termination of the process. This article proposes a methodology for the artificial intelligence use in the control systems of economic activity, reflects the artificial intelligence concept in the control systems of economic activity, indicates the goals, principles, tasks and its functions when checking an object.
The aim of this research is to determine the influence of electrical energy market regulation reform in Ukraine on the competitive environment, the reproduction processes of financial and innovative support, and the energy efficiency of the national economy. The authors have put forward and verified the hypothesis that, under conditions of institutional maturity of the Ukrainian electrical energy market, its liberalization and separation of the kinds of activity related to generation, transmission, and distribution leads to a decrease in prices, and the level of economic concentration stimulates implementation of innovations and the formation of reports on sustainable development. Over the thirteen-year time interval, a steady trend of decreasing energy intensity of the Ukrainian economy was established, and the appropriateness of energy efficiency management based on strategic targets was substantiated. The electricity market model in Ukraine is defined as a hybrid one, with an emphasis on trade under bilateral agreements. It was statistically found that liberalization of the electrical energy market in Ukraine contributed to a decrease in prices, with the exception of the areas of largest household and non-household consumers. The high level of asset concentration in the accounts of large enterprises was revealed, and the conclusion concerning the improvement of the competitive environment in the electricity production sector and the existence of the features of natural monopolies in the areas of transmission and distribution of electricity was made. The assessment of the financial competitive ability and profitability of electrical energy market entities was made, the main entities of the investment activity and the sources of their financing were characterized, and innovations were emphasized. The role of the standards of the audit of integrated reporting of the Ukrainian energy holdings and their role in ensuring sustainable development was determined.
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