Methods of improving the designs of the most complex details of the axial piston hydraulic machine (APHM), cylinder block (CB) and face distributor (FD) are proposed in order to increase their strength. The possibility of modernization is demonstrated by the example of APHM 210.25 with a CB inclined. For samples of CB material, bronze CuSn12, tests were performed and fatigue curves are constructed. Based on the results of these tests, the endurance limit of the CB is determined using the theory of similarity fatigue fracture. The calculation of the BC by the finite element method showed that maximum stresses arise in its inter-cylinder wall (jumper). With conserved CB dimensions, a decrease in the maximum stress level by 30% is achieved if the axial cylinders are shifted in the peripheral direction by 2 … 3 mm. In the proposed design of the CB the calculated stresses became lower than its endurance limit. For FD an increase in the thickness of its peripheral zone was proposed, which also made it possible to reduce stresses by 12%. As a result, the level of acting stresses turned out to be 5.3% lower than the FD endurance limit. The achieved reduction in stress level for the considered details and an increase in their durability is a factor that growing the environmental safety of APHM.
The fatigue resistance of the cylinder block (CB) of an axial-piston hydraulic machine (APHM) made of tin bronze CuSn12 has been investigated. Fatigue tests of smooth and notched standard samples were performed and fatigue curves were constructed. The stress state of the CB is investigated by the finite element method. It is established that the maximum stresses are localized on a small part of the partition between axial cylinders holes loaded by internal pressure. A method for recalculating the established length of this zone of partition with an uneven distribution of dangerous stresses by an equivalent length with a constant stress equal to the maximum is proposed. The use of the statistical theory of the similarity of the fatigue failure of Serensen-Kogayev, the results of the fatigue tests of the samples and the calculation of the equivalent length made it possible to determine the endurance limit of the CB considered. The acceptability of the proposed method estimating the endurance limit by the known results of resource tests of the CB APHM 210.25 is confirmed.
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