This article describes the details of the method designed to combustion engine with compression ignition (CI) during road tests. The method requires simultaneous measurements for the crankshaft rotation frequency, fuel pressure in the injector, pressure in the combustion chamber, air pressure and temperature in the intake system. More, this method utilizes possibilities of the GPS navigation -all the received data is being synchronized with navigation data and saved to the database. Fuel consumption was calculated using the original method based on processing the pressure data from inside the cylinder alongside with the fuel injection parameters, previously received from the injection system and engine tests in the laboratory. Obtained characteristics allow to perform detailed analysis for the engine single work cycle in the transient processes, which are the . Measurements results received with help of the created experimental gear were used to determine CI engine parameters. Those parameters may help in simulation of the engine work inside the vehicle, and could be used in engine parameters optimization tasks.
The results presented in this study present the possibilities of achieving a reduction in operational risk, friction losses, and energy costs for the engine friction and lubrication as a result of optimizing selected crankshaft bearing design parameters. The method suggested in the study is different from the known method of searching for optimal parameters throughout defined quality criteria with other parameters changing within the tolerance field (with consideration of dimension changes during work). Using the simulation model, the operation of bearings has been analyzed in starting conditions.
The article demonstrates a rational scheme of the supercharging system in a helicopter diesel engine with a power of 100 kW, regardless of the flight altitude, and proposes a method for assessing the power losses for a diesel engine depending on the flight altitude using a mathematical model. There are three variants of an engine supercharger scheme with a single-stage turbocharger, a two-stage one with parallel or sequential compressor drive and a turbo-blower. As a result of the computational analysis according to the original method, it was shown that from the point of view of the least energy consumption two-stage scheme with a compressor and a sequential drive is the most rational. To reduce energy losses in the drive with two-stage supercharging, a concept for controlling the pressure system was proposed, which includes changing the rotational speed of the compressor drive and adjusting the throttles. Simulation of the engines running during the climb / descent of the helicopter showed that the proposed pressure scheme and control concept is effective. In order to improve the quality of regulation, the possibility to use an electric drive with the first stage compressor is being considered.
This article discusses the method and results of accelerated tests of crankshaft bearings of the compression ignition engine, carried out to determine the possibility of modernising the basic engine model and improving the methods of friction joint diagnostics. The essence of the method consists in changing the operating conditions of the crankshaft bearings of one of the engine cylinders. This increases the bearing load and causes changes in the engine oil temperature. The bearing condition was monitored non-invasively by determining the share of wear products in the oil samples. The results obtained from the tests have shown that on the basis of oil analysis for the presence of wear products, the cause of engine failure related to the acceptable wear of engine friction pairs can be clearly identified and located.
Problem. This article indicates a way to solve the problem of complicated cold start and high smoky operation in preparation for accepting the load of a domestic diesel engine 4DTNA1 with direct fuel injection by optimizing the parameters of the components of the start-up system and automating the start-up and idling processes according to rational control algorithms. According to the necessity solving this problem, requirements have been formulated for organizing and conducting a multifactorial experimental study of the starting qualities of an automobile diesel engine. Goal. The main goal of the work is to form a scientific and technical approach to creating a system for starting a vehicle diesel engine, which will optimize its component’s properties and develop control algorithms. To achieve this goal it is necessary to create a plan of multifactorial research, develop and build a physical model for experimental research, perform research and evaluate the results. Methodology. The main provisions on the organization of a multifactorial experimental study of the starting qualities of an automobile diesel engine are highlighted. Design of experiments method used when creating a plan for experimental research. Results. The features and advantages of the created physical model in relation to traditional solutions for studying the starting qualities of automobile engines, including the control of an external load to reproduce the impact on engine oil of low temperature in conditions of difficult access to climatic chambers, are presented. The choice of a vortex-dimensional sample of a physical model for conducting start-up studies through a promising, reduced by 1-1.5 units, compression ratio and the possibility of a qualitative study of the effect of pre-start heating of the volume of the combustion chamber with a glow plug on starting parameters. Originality. The actual values of the selected 6 most influential linearly independent factors on the start-up process during the experimental study according to the accepted plan of 77 test cold starts are indicated. It is noted that the actual result of establishing certain controllable factors is random with a certain error in the vicinity of the exact value in accordance with the orthogonal plan of the experiment. Such a variation of real values requires the use of a special mathematical apparatus, implemented by the authors in the Approximation_LSM software product, when analyzing the results of a 6factor experimental study. Practical value. A rational mathematical plan of a six-factor experiment has been prepared as a clear example of recording the measured and calculated parameters of the next optimization.
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