Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world while the long-term prognosis is still unfavorable, despite the enormous efforts in the search for effective anti-cancer drugs. We think that the obstacle for creating of effective anti-cancer drugs could be existing idea that the basis of cancer is caused by the damage of the genetic apparatus of the cell. In this paper, we present the pathogenesis of cancer which is based on the formation of the special sustainable pathophysiological state of the organism what we call the state of "cancer reparative trap". The essence of this pathophysiological state of the organism is in the reparative orientation of the immune system of cancer patients, when constant tissue repair is accompanied by systemic suppression of the anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, during the long-term exposure to carcinogens (exogenous and/or endogenous), the continuous tissue damage occurs which induces permanent stimulation of cell proliferation (imbalanced Th1 < Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages, inflammation, angiogenesis, etc.) in order to repair the tissues damaged. At the same time, tissue repair is necessarily accompanied by the suppression of anti-tumor immunity (increase in T-regulatory cells, imbalanced Th1 < Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages et al.), which creates the necessary conditions for the survival of the malignantly transformed cells, formed by the action of carcinogens. The determining role of the imbalance in the autonomous nervous system (simpathetic/hypersympathetic dominance) in the development, maintenance and generalization of the cancer process has been shown. The explanation of a number of phenomena has been presented: the cell resistance to chemotherapy, and the phenomenon of cancer cell dormancy. The promising approaches for the cancer management in clinical practice have been proposed.

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The article presents the results of the clinical use of Roncoleukin® (recombinant interleukin-2) and Viferon® (interferon alfa-2b) in the complex treatment of more than 300 patients with COVID-19 in outpatient and inpatient conditions from May to December 2020 in various regions of Russia and abroad. The obtained results indicate a dramatic improvement in the condition of patients with the inclusion of Roncoleukin® and Viferon® in the COVID-19 treatment regimen, which made it possible to achieve patient recovery in all cases and avoid death among patients with severe COVID-19. The article justifies the necessity of compulsory use of interleukin-2 and interferon alpha-2b in the treatment regimen of COVID-19 patients as the factors determining the timely activation of specific immune responses that block the growth of nonspecific immune reactions leading to the generalization of infectious and inflammatory processes (“cytokine storm”), decompensation of chronic diseases and death. The need to normalize the psychoemotional state as an important pathogenetically significant factor that has a considerable impact on both the course of coronavirus disease and its outcome is demonstrated.