The complexity of the decision-making process for experts in various topics is in the problem of initial processing of unstructured information. This problem of Big data requires the latest solutions that provide a structural reflection and integrative use of information descriptions under consideration by experts. It takes the process of information and analytical evaluation and decision-making beyond one subject area and raises questions about the ontological consideration of the problem itself. The ontological principles of such consideration are based on multiple hyperproperties of information for the realization of the categories of integration, systematicity and continuity, as well as implementation of structures and their functionality reflection and transformation. For this, there is the ontology of the problem of rational choice based on means of a ranking of alternatives on a set of indicators. It provides the creation of a system designed to solve the ranking problem based on the ontological model of the subject area. Hyperproperties of ontological representation of large amounts of information ensure the implementation of meta-tasks of its analysis, its structuring, synthesis, and support the process of rational choice. Such an approach creates the conditions for optimal processing of a Big Data.
With the aim of identifying and developing gifted students, providing them with assistance in choosing a profession and involving them in scientific research and research activities, the National Center “Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine” has initiated and annually holds a number of All-Ukrainian competitions of creative and intellectual direction: “Junior Erudite”, “Junior Researcher”, “Future of Ukraine”, “Ecoview” and many others. Among them, the most popular and representative in terms of the composition of its participants is the “Contest-presentation of scientific research projects”. The competition takes place in several stages, about 100,000 high school students from all over Ukraine take part in it, of which more than 1,000 of the best make it to the finals. The rules of the competition provide that a jury is created for each scientific section (of which there are 65), in which the corresponding stage of the competition is held. The members of the jury independently evaluate the research works of schoolchildren. Winners are determined in each scientific section separately by the sum of points scored by participants in all sections of the program. The final result (rating score) of each participant is calculated taking into account the weight of each component of the factor-criterion model, according to which the contestants’ achievements are evaluated, that is, the participants (alternatives) are actually ranked according to a set of indicators of different importance, which have a hierarchical structure. In order to ensure the access of the jury members to all the materials of scientific and research achievements of the contestants, as well as to carry out their effective evaluation and calculation of the final results, the information and analytical platform (IAP) POLYHEDRON-Competition was created.This article talks about the created computer system – an information and analytical platform that ensures the effective work of experts (jury members) in reviewing and evaluating scientific research materials submitted for defense by participants of intellectual contests. The system is deployed on the basis of an interactive document, which is a variant of the ontology-controlled system, and its work is illustrated on the example of the contest-presentation of scientific research projects.
In the study and analysis of most processes occurring in any field of human activity, there are applied problems that actually belong to the theory of decision making. The most common of these tasks is to build a ranking list of certain objects (subjects), from which you need to choose the best (worst) in terms of the total value of certain attributes that characterize these objects. The complexity of such tasks is that, as a rule, there are no cases when one or more objects have significant advantages over others in all indicators taken into account. That is why there is a need to apply existing methods of decision theory, as well as to develop algorithms that allow mathematical consideration of the specifics of specific practical problems. The article considers the problem of assessing the achievements of secondary schools in intellectual competitions conducted by the Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education and Science, and describes the developed algorithm of competitive normalization of criteria for rating participants. This problem was formalized with the help of ontological methodology, which allowed to implement the algorithm for its solution in the mathematical software TNIAS (Transdisciplinary Network-Centric Information-Analytical System). The developed algorithm is based on the competitive nature of the process of establishing the degree of dominance of some alternatives over others, depending on the analysis of numerical characteristics, which were observed over a period of time. In the general case, the use of the algorithm is most successful in problems when the calculation of rating indicators of alternatives depends not on the absolute numerical values of some criteria, but on the number of alternatives that have close values and do not reach or exceed certain thresholds established by analysis subject area.
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