Abstract. A GIS-based Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) was analyzed using space-based data between 1972 and 2011 as Input data. The result of the NDVI using Landsat 7 ETM+ shows clearly that the values range from 0.19 to −0.31. Mountains and highlands of the Itagunmodi-Igun area revealed stressed vegetation cover between 0.11 to −0.31. The NDVI was also performed on Landsat imageries of four different epoch: 1972, 1986, 2000, and 2010. Results showed that vegetation index ranged from −0.105 to 0.033, −0.25 to 0.480, −0.313 to 0.19 and −0.29 to 0.5 in 1972, 1986, 2000 and 2010 respectively. The analysis revealed that the study area experienced an increase in biomass between 1972 and 1986 but with some areas experiencing outright disappearance of vegetation as indicated by the lower bands of index values in 1972 (−0.105) and 1986 (−0.25). The result showed that the Basin experienced a rapid and significant increase in biomass between 2000 and 2010, as indicated by the lower bands of index values in 2000 (−0.291) and 2010 (0.5). The results of the NDVI in 1972 ranged from −0.105 to 0.033 while NDVI in 1986 ranged from −0.25 to 0.480 which indicated a significant increase in the vegetation index. The results of the NDVI in 2000 ranged from 0.291 to 0.5 also indicated a significant increase in the vegetation index. The study concluded that artisanal mining could cause land and vegetation degradation with consequent loss of biodiversity, ecological modification.
Cashless and e-payment policies need a total transformation for a sustainable improvement in POS service in Nigeria. The study was analyzed to model the customers’ perception towards POS machines. The results from regression analysis revealed that variables such as Internet, Completeness, Consistency, Observable and Accuracy have significant impact on customers’ perception towards POS machines while Location, Pricing and Security showed non-significant impact. Results from correlation recorded positive high correlations among most variables. The variables with positive high correlations are; Internet (0.781), Completeness (0.969), Consistency (0.984), Observable (0.957) and Accuracy (0.864) while positive moderate correlations are seen in Location (0.521) and Pricing (0.504) but poor correlation was recorded in Security (0.464). The chi-square test results revealed that there is significant association between dependent and independent variables. Efforts to improve on non-significant variables from regression analysis above are recommended in order to win the hearts of customers’ perception towards POS machines in the state.
Preliminary evaluation of the performance of the Broadband Seismic Stations in Nigeria has been carried out. The aim is to test the recording capability, data quality for research and estimate the signal to noise ratios of the stations. The methodology involves the noise analysis for the Kaduna station located on basement complex in the northern part of Nigeria, and Nsukka station on the sedimentary basin in the South, using the Pascal Quick Look Extended (PQLX) package. In the first instance, data used in the research were continuously recorded during 2010 for 1-year period. Power spectral densities were computed from one-hour long data segments from both stations. Secondly, possible sources of noise to the stations as well as their signal to noise ratios (SNR) were estimated. Results from the first and second approaches were compared with the global noise models of Peterson's. Thirdly, data from both stations were tested for research reliability using noise correlation and receiver functions techniques. The results showed high noise levels at both stations; low SNR at Nsukka and high SNR at Kaduna. Findings also showed that sources of noise
Original Research Article
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.